Vol.2 No.12 -5 : Effect of chitosan nanoparticles on haloperidol drug-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats Light and Electron Microscopic study.

By : Sahar A. Sabry , Samia M. Sakr and Hassan M. Ibrahim

Abstract

Haloperidol (HP) is a widely used neuroleptic drug for the treatment of acute and chronic psychosis. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of haloperidol on the liver of rats and the possible preventive effect of chitosan nanoparticle. Thirty two adult male rats were used in the present study. They were allocated into four groups. The first group served as control and was injected i.p. with 1mg/kg saline solution. The second group, each rat received a single (i.p.) injection of (2 mg/kg b.wt.) chitosan nanoparticles, each animal of third group given 0.3mg/ml/kg haloperidol while in the fourth group each rat received 0.3 mg/ml/kg haloperidol carried on nanoparticles daily for 21 days. Histological examination of liver sections of haloperidol- treated rats revealed destruction of the normal pattern of the hepatic lobules. The hepatic cells appeared with fatty degeneration and vacuolation of hepatocytes. The nuclei of hepatocytes exhibited noticeable signs of deterioration; pyknosis, karyorrhexis and karyolysis. Congestion of blood vessels was also detected and the portal areas were invaded by inflammatory lymphocytes. On the other hand, the liver sections of rats treated with haloperidol carried on nanoparticles showed minimizing the toxic effects of haloperidol alone. Electron microscopic investigation of hepatocytes of haloperidoltreated rats revealed conspicuous alterations, represented by aggregation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in clumps and the mitochondria underwent swelling with obvious condensation of their matrices by materials that displayed high electron density and some of them lost their cristae. In conclusion: this study showed that when haloperidol carried on nanoparticles it decreased the destructive progress of haloperidol on the liver of rats.

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