Vol.6 No.5 – 4: Estimation of the potency of the genetic action and the heritability of a set of traits of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum . L)

By: Omar Abd Ahmed and Jasim Mohamed Aziz Aljobory

Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tikrit University, Iraq

Abstract

10 Genotypes of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were planted arranged in sequence (1) Abu Ghraib (2) Cowes (3) Osis (4) Sit Mall (5) Florca (6) Clack (7) Milan (8) Hedab (9) Abaa 99 and (10) Sham. In addition to their interchanged mid-crosses, their number (45), Obtained from crosses between parents without reverse crossbreeds, These structures were planted to study (parents + first-generation hybrids) in Diyala Governorate – Baldruz District, for the agricultural season (2017-2018) and using the design of (RCBD) and with three replications and traits (number of days to expel spikes and Plant height is cm, leaf area (cm2), number of grains per spike, number of spikes/plant -1, the weight of 1000 grains (g), individual plant yield (g), biological plant yield (g), it was found that the parents and their hybrids differed significantly for all traits. The study studied and the hybrid (7 × 9) showed a desirable hybrid strength for most of the studied traits from the average parents and the best parents, while the hybrid (2 × 6) showed a desired hybrid strength in four traits, including the grain yield as a deviation from the best parents. Sovereign variation, which was reflected in the degree of sovereignty, as it reached more than one correct one for all traits, which confirms the superior sovereignty that controls its inheritance, and that the proportion of the dominant and recessive alleles is less than 0.25%, meaning that it does not show the regular distribution in the sites that show dominance and that the degree of heritability in the narrow sense is less than 20%, which confirms its lack of importance Additional variability of the genetic sites that control the inheritance of these traits.

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