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Vol.2 No.10 -6 : Protective effect of garlic on methyl ethyl ketone-induced biochemical changes in male rabbits.

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By : Zuhair Y. A1-Sahhaf.

Abstract

The present study evaluated the effect of inhalation of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) on biochemical parameters of rabbits and the possible protective role of garlic aqueous extract. Animals were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 served as controls, group2 given garlic aqueous extract (0.2mg/ml, for a week), group 3 were inhaled (MEK) (500 ppm for 3 minutes daily for 4 weeks), group 4 inhaled MEK for 4 weeks and given garlic for another week. The results showed that exposing animals to MEK induced significant decrease in RBCs count, hemoglobin, hematocrit percentage and blood platelets. On the other hand, the WBCs count was increased. Triglycerides, cholesterol and transaminases (ALT and AST) were increased in the sera of treated rabbits. Rabbits inhaled MEK for two weeks and given garlic aqueous extract for another week showed an improvement of the hematological and biochemical parameters. It is concluded from the present results that garlic aqueous extract modulated toxicity of MEK and this may be attributed to the antioxidant activity of garlic constituents

6_Protective_effect_of_garlic_on_methyl_ethyl_ketone-induced_biochemical_changes_in_male_rabbits_
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Vol.2 No.6 -4 : Intestinal Form of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease in Growing Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

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By : Abou-Shafey A. E*1; Metwally A. Y2; Massoud. A. A1; Barakat M. E3. and Elwan M. M1

Abstract

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease (RHD) is extremely acute highly fatal, contagious disease with mortality rates of 80-90% of the infected rabbits. RHD causes hepatic, intestinal and lymphoid necrosis with massive terminal intravascular coagulopathy. The etiological agent is a member of caliciviridae lagovirus, Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV); it is a single stranded RNA, non-enveloped and replicates in the cytoplasm. In pathogenesis studies, the primary sites of replication were in the small intestinal crypt and villous epithelium, hepatocytes and splenic lymphocytes. Apoptosis (programmed cell death) has been reported as being a constant feature of the pathogenesis of RHD. This work was planned to study the lesions associated with RHDV in small intestine at different intervals. Eighteen growing New Zealand rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) aged 2-3 months allotted into two equal groups: control group (non infected) and infected group in which rabbits were experimentally inoculated with rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) through the nostril. All animals were dissected at 24, 48 and 72 hrs post infection. Histopathological, histochemical, immunohistochemical and biochemical studies were done for small intestine.
Macroscopic lesions in infected grower rabbits were consistent with RHD infection including congestion and haemorrhages of lung, liver necrosis and splenomegaly. Moreover, congestion of small intestine with multiple focal necrotic spots appeared from serosa and mucosa of intestine. Histopathological findings of the small intestine 24 hrs post infection (pi) showing necrosis of the crypts and villi atrophy, at 48 hrs pi shortening of villi and severe lymphocytic infiltration of the lamina propria were seen. 72 hrs pi showing severe atrophy and destruction of both villi and crypts. Immunohistochemical labeling for RHDV antigen on small intestine at different intervals 24, 48 and 72 hrs pi showed that epithelial cells and areas of focal necrosis exhibit strong immunolabeling in the intestinal villi where reactivity increases progressively. Serum biochemistry revealed highly significant increase in AST, ALT, urea and creatinine. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report of the macroscopic lesions of small intestine in RHDV infected rabbits.

4. Intestinal Form of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease in Growing Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).
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Vol.2 No.4 -3 : Effect of garlic on toluene-induced biochemical and histopathological effects in albino rats.

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By : Zuhair Y. A1-Sahhaf1, Osama M. Sarhan1,2

Abstract

The present study aims to study the effect of garlic extract on toluene inhalation at very low dose, induced hematological, biochemical and histological alterations in liver of albino rats. Animals were divided into 4 groups.Group 1 (G1) served ascontrols,G2 given garlic aqueous extract,G3 inhaled toluene vapor and G4 given garlic plusinhalation of toluene vapor. Animals were sacrificed after 2and 4weeks of treatment. The results showed that exposing animals to toluene induced significant decrease in red blood cell count (RBCs),hemoglobin (HGB),and blood platelets (PLT).On the other hand, the hematocrit percentage (HCT) and white blood cells(WBCs) count increased. Moreover, transaminases(ALT and AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were increased in the sera of treated animals.Histological examination of liver of treated rats showed leukocytic infiltrations, congestion of blood vessels,cytoplasmic vacuolations of hepatocytes and fatty degeneration.Treated kidney in rats of G3 showed glomerular tufts congestion; renal space narrowing and epithelia of some renal tubules were degenerated with hemorrhage between them. To some extent, an improvement was observed in the kidney of the recovery group. Treating animals with garlic plus toluene caused an improvement in the biochemical and histological alterations in albino rats.It could be concluded that the protective effect of garlic may be attributed to the presence of organosulfur compounds which have antioxidant and detoxifying properties.

3. Effect of garlic on toluene-induced biochemical and histopathological effects in albino rats.
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Vol.2 No.3 -5 : The protective effect of Coriandrum sativum L. oil against liver toxicity induced by Ibuprofen in rats.

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By : Hoda H. Baghdadi1,Fatma M.El-Demerdash2,Eman H. Radwan3, Sodfa Hussein4

Abstract

Ibuprofen (IBU) is a Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugused in the treatment of pain, fever and in inflammation.Coriandrum sativum is cultivated for its aromatic and medicinal uses. The present study aims to evaluatethe protective effect of Coriandrum sativum volatile oil on hepatotoxicityof IBU in rats. Five groups of albino rats were used.Group l(control),groupll (C.sativum oil,40 mg/kg B.W. for 14 day), group lll (IBU group,100mg/kg bodyweight B.W., for 14 day), group lV (IBU+ C.sativum oil) and groupV (recovery group).The activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured in the liver of different groups addition to the histological examination of the sections of liver. The results showed that IBU caused a significant decrease in the activity of ALT and AST in the liver. The histological examination of the liver showed many pathological changes. Administration of coriander volatile oilin the combination with IBU was able to significantly increase the activity of both AST and ALT, in the liver and caused a significant decrease in the deleterious effect induced by IBU. The present results confirm that the antioxidant activity of volatile oil of the Coriandrum sativum L., against hepatotoxicity of IBU.

5. The protective effect of Coriandrum sativum L. oil against liver toxicity induced by Ibuprofen in rats.
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