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Vol.2 No.2 -6 : In vitro Effect of LC90 of albendazole and Allium sativum water extract on the fine structure of Capillaria sp. (Capillaridae Nematoda).

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By : Amal I. Khalil*, Gamalat Y. Osman *** Omaimah A. M. Maghrabi**,Nahla A. Radwan *, Alyaa M. Abo Msalam ***

Abstract

Fish parasites are of economic and health importance where they cause serious problems in commercial fish farms and it can be transferred to human and animals. Capillaria species are nematodes of serious fish diseases which may be transferred to human.The present study was conducted to detect the in vitro effect of sublethal concentration (LC90) of albendazole( ABZ ) and Allium sativum (garlic) cloves water extract on ultra structure of Capillaria sp. collected from fresh water catfishes, Bagrus docmac and B. bayad using SEM and TEM. The morality rates of the adult Capillaria sp. in vitro exposed to different concentrations of albendazole and Allium sativum water extract was recorded after 24 hours exposure time. A. sativum water extract had higher effect than albendazole where lower concentration of A. sativum extract (18 x103 ppm) gave maximum mortality rate (100%) , 24 hours post exposure. SEM studies of the cuticle of adult Capillaria sp. in vitro treated with LC90 (17.161 x103 ppm) of A. sativum water extract for 24 hours revealed that it induced severe changes in the cuticle integrity more than those treated with concentration LC90 (5.543 x 106 ppm) of albendazole. TEM studies revealed deformation of the cuticle, hypodermis, muscles and digestive system in worms treated with LC90 (17.161 x103 ppm) of Allium sativum water extract.

6. In vitro Effect of LC90 of albendazole and Allium sativum water extract on the fine structure of Capillaria sp. (Capillaridae Nematoda).
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Vol.1 No.4 -4 : Developmental defects of cerebral cortex in maternally diabetic and aluminum intoxicated rat pups and their amelioration by Morus alba.

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By : Gamal Badawy1, Hassan El-Sayyed2, Sobhy Hassab Elnabi1, Ibrahim El-Elaimy1,Eman Al Shehari

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the possible ameliorative effect of crude water extract of Morus alba leaves on developmental defects of cerebral cortex of rat pups maternally subjected to diabetes and/or aluminum (Al) intoxication. One hundred and forty fertile male and virgin female albino rats were used for the experimentation. The pregnant rats were arranged into seven groups. The study included five integrated approaches and all proved that treatment with Morus alba leaves extract led to a marked amelioration for the developmental defects caused by either diabetes or Al intoxication at all levels of the study. At the ultrastructural level, the cerebral cortex of the latter exhibited massive cytological alterations of Purkinje cells (PC) and Karyolysis of chromatin material. The cytoplasm appeared translucent and enclosed by either fragmented or vesiculated RER. Mitochondria appeared electron-dense with ill-differentiated cristae. Cytoplasmic vacuoles were detected. However, pups of mothers received Morus alba extract and subjected to Al intoxication and/or diabetes showed partial amelioration of cytological structure of PC. The nuclear envelope was regularly arranged and enclosed by normal euchromatin. The cytoplasmic organelles were rearranged and approximately restored their pattern. It can therefore be concluded that leaves extract of Morus alba has marked ameliorative effects against developmental defects of cerebral cortex in pups of diabetic and Al intoxicated pregnant albino rats.

4. Developmental defects of cerebral cortex in maternally diabetic and aluminum intoxicated rat pups and their amelioration by Morus alba.
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