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Vol.10 No.1 – 2: Physiological responses (Hsp70, Mt), Oxidative stress, toxicity impacts, and risk assessment of the biomarker (Enochrus tenuicosta) to heavy metals contamination along the Red Sea coasts- Egypt.

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Eman H. Hassan1*, Eman H. Radwan2, Gaber A. Saad3, Nessrin Kheirallah3

1Biological and Geological Science Department, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

2Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt

3Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate the effect of heavy metals accumulation in midgut tissues of Enochrus tenuicosta beetles in the Red Sea also in water and sediments of the selected locations. Also to analyze the biochemical response and HSP70 expression. Our results demonstrated that the heavy metals and oxidative stress (MDA) concentrations in the polluted location were higher than the reference one. The response of the antioxidant defense system is significantly higher in the beetles of the reference ones. MT expression and HSP70 were much higher in the polluted beetles than in the reference ones.

Physiological responses (HSP70, Mt), Oxidative stress, toxicity impacts, and risk assessment of the biomarker (Enochrus tenuicosta) to heavy metals contamination along the Re

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Vol.6 No.1 – 2: Contributions to the protection of a lentic system in the tropical region against chemical pollutions: A case study of “Toho Lake” in Southeastern Benin, West Africa

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By: Jean Gouvidé GBAGUIDI, Nikita TOPANOU, Jacques FATOMBI, Essegbemon Akpo Moyo, Daouda MAMA, and Taofiki AMINOU  

Abstract

The protection of aquatics ecosystems leads to the biological equilibrium which secures the safe foods from the aquatics products. Toho Lake located to the southeastern of Benin is threatened by human pollution due to the chemical fertilizers, waste housekeeper and both human and animal excrement result agglomeration. The aim of the present study is to Toho lake protection against chemical and bacteriological pollution of these wet ecosystems. Samples of water and sediment were collected and analyzed by HACH DR 3900 after undergone treatment The different analysis results revealed a mean oxygenation of water (4,95 mgo2/l), the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (21.5 mgo2/l), the Chemical Oxygen Demand (149, 39 mg/l) with the azote in Nitrate (NO3:0,18 mg/l), ammoniacal azote (N-NH4+:0,47 mg/l) phosphorous (2,06 mg/l) are very high. The lake is also polluted by fecal matters. The high contents of heavy metals in the sediment show that the sediments of the lake are polluted by the zinc (340 mg/kg), the cadmium (7 mg/kg), the lead (60,75 mg/kg) and the copper (8,25 mg/kg).

Contributions to the protection of a lentic system in tropical region against chemical pollutions Case study of Toho lake in South eastern Benin, West Africa-converted

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Vol.5 No.1 – 9 : Oxidative stress and DNA damage in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as biomarkers of aquatic pollution

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By: EL-Hassan Mokhamer, Eman H. Radwan and Moataz Elsaka

Zoologlogy Department, Faculty of science, Damanhour university,Egypt

 (Email: elhassan.gaber@sci.dmu.edu.eg)

Abstract

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Cd) aquatic pollution of EL-Mahmoudeyia canal on the antioxidant enzymatic activities, GSH content and lipid peroxidation levels (MDA) in Oreochromis. niloticus muscles tissues collected from two areas EL-Mahmoudeyia canal as Polluted area and  Rosetta branch of river Nile as reference area in summer 2018 and winter 2019 as well as DNA damage was assessed in fish gills(erythrocytes) samples by applying comet assay. EL-Mahmoudeyia canal exposed to excessive of industrial effluents which impact the living organisms especially fish. The herein results showed that higher concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Cd) were detected in water and fish samples collected from the polluted area in comparison with the reference area, especially in winter.  The accumulation patterns of heavy metals in muscles of O. niloticus, were in the following order: Fe > Zn >Pb> Cu and Cd.The antioxidant enzymatic activities of (SOD, CAT, GPx and GST) and the lipid peroxidation biomarker MDA levels in muscles of O. niloticus collected from the polluted area were found to be significantly increased compared to that of the reference area.Meanwhile, there was a significant decrease in the GSH content levelin muscles of O. niloticus collected from the polluted area compared to that of the reference area. A significant elevation in DNA damage frequencies was observed in fish collected from the polluted areas compared with those from the reference area.These noticeable alterations in the selected antioxidant enzymatic activities in muscles of the O. niloticus go in parallel with the remarkable elevation in the levels of the detected heavy metals in water from EL Mahmoudeyia canal, as a result of pollution in these areas. This study explored the utility of the DNA damage, the altered antioxidant enzymatic activities, GSH content and MDA level as biomarkers of aquatic pollution.

 

Oxidative-stress-and-DNA-damage-in-Nile-Tilapia-Oreochromis-niloticus-as-biomark

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Vol.4 No.3 – 12 : Assessment of environmental and pollution level in water and insect’s fauna of fresh water habitat

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By : 1,2 Masood, M F, 3 A. S. Al-Nasser, 1,4 Salama A. S., 4 EH Radwan, and 5 KH Radwan
1 Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, KSA
2 Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Asuit-Egypt)
3 Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, KSA
4 Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Egypt.
5Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

The environmental problems have raised the interest for bio-indicators able to reflect their environment. Among these life forms, the insects may contribute to a viable evaluation of the sustainability degrees. The Egyptian Mediterranean coast exhibits six lakes which are situated along the Nile Delta coast; Northern Delta lakes; Manzala, Borollus, Edku and Mariut, and to the east of the Suez Canal, Port-Fouad and Bardawil. The aim of the current study was to evaluate different heavy metals in aquatic insects Ochthebius (Asiobates) rugulosus Wollaston 1857, taken from Lake Manzala and to estimate their effect on the oxidative stress markers to employ insects as sensitive bio-monitors for environmental pollution. A lot of fluctuations were observed affected by the poor connection of water body of the lake Manzala. The mean level concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in loc.#1, whereas; 0.98, 3.02, 0.35 and 1.99 μg/l; respectively with the arrangement of Cu < Pb < Zn < Cd in location #1 whereas it was reported as 1.8, 3.64, 1.32 and 2.2 μg/l in location#2, giving the arrangement of Pb < Cu < Zn < Cd in loc.#2. The mean concentration level of Pb in both locations was less than that recommended by the USEPA, 2005 (2.5-65 μg/l), Cd in the present study was higher than that of the water quality criteria; (0.2-2 μg/l) recommended by USEPA, 2005 in both locations in Lake Manzala. The pH values of water were alkaline throughout the lake. It is concluded from the obtained data that the south eastern region showed worse quality parameters. The pH of water lake (loc.1; 7.7), (loc.#2; 7.3) was found to be slightly alkaline throughout the spring (March-May, 2018). The pH was within the prescribed limits (6.5-9) of USEPA, 2005. In the current study Cu and Zn concentration in Ochthebius (Asiobates) rugulosus Wollaston 1857, in Lake Manzala ranged from (0.2-0.1μg/g, 0.07-0.09 μg/g). The mean concentration of heavy metal were significantly (p<0.05) difference in water samples collected from Lake Manzala, Spring; 2018. The arrangement of elements in the insect tissue were as; Cu > Pb > Zn > Cd. There was a significant increase in the mean concentrations level of ALT activity in insects from loc. #2; 42.6 (U/mg protein), while it was 37 (U/mg protein) in that of loc.#1. The mean concentration level of AST activity in insects from loc.#1 was 50.8 (U/mg protein), while it was 59 (U/mg protein) in that of loc.#2. A significant decrease in GPx activity in insects from loc.#2 was found as, 68.74 (mU/mg protein), while it was 77.4 mU/mg protein in that of loc.#1. The results of the present study showed that there was a significant decrease in GPx activity in samples collected from loc.#2 compared with that of loc.#1 telling that insects in loc.#2 are under stress of sewage pollution (Bahr El Baqur) drain. The Pb in insect tissues in loc.#1 is positively correlated with Zn in insect tissues, TP, MDA, and GPx as r=0.693, r=0.854, r=0.873, and r=644; respectively. Cd in insect tissues is positively correlated with AST, TP, MDA and GPx as r=0.870, r=0.690, r=0.666 and r=0.737; respectively. Cu in insect tissues is negatively correlated with AST as r=-0.739. Zn in insect tissues is positively correlated with TP, MDA, and GPx as r=0.742, r=0.810, r=0.951*; respectively. TP is highly positive correlated with MDA and GPx as r=0.983*, and r=0.840*; respectively whereas, MDA is highly positively correlated with GPx as r=0. 882*. In loc.#2, Pb in insect tissues is negatively correlated with Cu in insect tissues, TP, MDA and GPx as r=-0.716, r=-0.916*, r=-0.878* and r=-0.704; respectively. Cd in insect tissues is negatively correlated with MDA as r=-0.655. Cu in insect tissues is positively correlated with TP, and GPx as r=0.806 and r=0.658; respectively. Zn in insect tissues is negatively correlated with AST as r=-0.813.

Assessment of environmental and pollution level in water and insect's fauna of fresh water habitat-converted

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