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Vol.2 No.07 -8 : Ameliorative potential of β-1,3-D-Glucan on acrylamide-induced cytogenetic alterations in mice.

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By : Mohamed A. Ismail

Abstract

Acrylamide (AA) is formed in food during heat preparation (frying and baking), causing DNA toxicity. So, the aim of this study is applied β-1,3-D-Glucan (BDG) as a natural polysaccharide ameliorative to reduce the DNA hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity of bone-marrow chromosomes in male mice by using three parameters: alkaline comet assay, cytochemical DNA and cytogenetical protocols. The AA-oral fed mice are classified into three groups, the first received low dose and the second intake the double fashion of AA in alone or concomitant with BDG for 30 days, besides the fourth group of controls. The study observed that AA induced both numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations in a significant increase (p<0.05 or p<0.0001) in a dose-dependent relationship. The cytochemical study on DNA exhibited that the AA-treated hepatocyte nuclei, showed strong stainability with condensed DNA inclusions and releasing outside their nuclear envelops. Under the comet assay conditions, AA-treated hepatocytes revealed a distinct comet tail electrophoretic migration of DNA fragments that resulted from AA-induced DNA strand breaks. The study also observed similarity configurations of AA-DNA fragmented damage between the findings of cytochemical DNA and comet assays in hepatocytes, and reinforced with the stretching and pulverized chromosome aberrations. But, after enhancing with BDG, the most implications of AA were inclined into mitigation as detected by microscopical and by 3D-comet image analysis, to indicate the potential alleviation role of BDG on AA-induced DNA alterations in hepatocytes and chromosomes of mice.

8_Ameliorative_potential_of_β-1_3-D-Glucan_on_acrylamide-induced_cytogenetic_alterations_in_mice
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Vol.2 No.6 -7 : Protective effect of Coenzyme Q10 against gentamicin induced acute renal failure in mice.

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By : Abdel Razik H. Farrag1, Rania A. Ibrahim2, Shimaa N. El-Sayed2

Abstract

Gentamicin is an antibiotic whose clinical use is limited by its nephrotoxicity. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an effective antioxidant and used for therapy of a number of diseases. The present study was designed to investigate the possible protective effect of CoQ10 against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in mice. Thirty five adult male mice were used in this study and were randomly divided into five groups, each consisting of seven animals as follows: group I: normal control; group II: treated with CoQ10 (30 mg/kg/day, orally for 14 days); group III: treated with gentamicin (80 mg/kg/day, i.p. for 14 days); group IV: treated with CoQ10 and gentamicin for 14 days; group V: treated with gentamicin (80 mg/kg/day) i.p. for 14 days, after that the animals were given CoQ10 (30 mg/kg/day) orally for 7 days. At the end of the experiment, blood was collected and serum was separated for the estimation of serum creatinine and urea. Then the mice were sacrificed and kidneys were removed for histopathological study. The biochemical results showed that Coenzyme Q10 administration with gentamicin injections significantly decreased serum urea and creatinine when compared with gentamicin group. Light microscopic examination of the renal tissues from gentamicin-treated mice revealed severe histopathological changes, whereas specimens obtained from CoQ10 treated mice revealed only mild changes. Conclusion: It appears that CoQ10 has some protective role against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity.

7. Protective effect of Coenzyme Q10 against gentamicin induced acute renal failure in mice.
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Vol.2 No.3 -4 : Ameliorative effect of ginger extract against pathological alterations induced in mice bearing solid tumors.

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By : Osama M. Badr1, Saber A. Sakr2, Hala M. Abd-Eltawab1

Abstract

This study was prepared to explore the effect of ginger extract in defeating the Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) injected subcutaneously in mice and induced solid tumour. After the solid tumour formation; the mice were classified into four groups (control, tumour untreated, ginger and ginger & tumour). Eight mice were grouped separately in each cage. Mice were killed and dissected at the end of this investigation; liver and kidney were removed for histopathological study. The biochemical parameters (ALT, AST, Urea, Creatinine, MDA, SOD and CAT) were measured in the sera of all tested groups. Ginger extract ameliorated the histological structures of both liver and kidney to be near to control, modulated the elevated values of (ALT, AST, Urea, Creatinine and MDA) and reduced values of (SOD and CAT) to record slightly normal readings. Tumour volumes reduced significantly and the destructed genomic DNA retained the normal pattern. Ginger has no pathological effects on control mice.

4. Ameliorative effect of ginger extract against pathological alterations induced in mice bearing solid tumors.
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Vol.1 No.6 -3 : Comparison between the ameliorative potentials of canagliflozin and metformin on the testicular damage in diabetic rats .

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By : Margit Semmler1, Abdel-Baset M. Aref2

Abstract

To evaluate the Renoprotective efficacy of melatonin against long term exposure induced changes of dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), cell proliferation and DNA synthesis was determined in the epithelial cells of cortical and medullary renal tubules in female and male mice applying quantitative autoradiographic analysis and using 3H thymidine as a radioactive label. A total of 30 male and female adult albino mice were divided into 3 groups, each of 10 individuals: control (group C), DMBA exposed (group D) and DMBA/melatonin exposed (group D+M) mice. In female mice, long term exposure for 150 days to a single injection of DMBA (10mg/ 100g b.w.) stimulated the incorporation rate of 3H thymidine into the epithelium of cortical renal tubules by 6774% compared to control. The number of grains over labeled nuclei was reduced by 57.1%. Daily injected with melatonin (100 g/ 100g b.w.) during the last 60 days of exposure to a single dose of DMBA attenuated cell division rate of the epithelial cells by 80% compared to group D, but remained 1275% higher than that of group C. The mean grain count over labeled nuclei was increased by 59.5% compared to group D, but remained 31.5% lower than that of control. In medullary portion of the renal tubules, DMBA induced changes were less pronounced than that in the cortical area. The cell division was stimulated by 833% compared to control and remained 8.1x lower than the percentage increase in the cortical part. The mean grain count over labeled nuclei was reduced by 40.4% compared to group C. Daily injected with melatonin (100 g/ 100g b.w.) during the last 60 days of exposure to a single dose of DMBA reduced the mitotic cell division by 83.9% compared to group D and thereby showing a similar effect as in the cortical part of the renal tubules. Compared to group C, the 3H labeling index remained 50% higher. In the cortical portion, the comparable value was 1275% higher than that of control. The mean grain count over labeled nuclei was increased by 26.2% compared to group D and remained 24.8% lower than in group C.

3. Comparison between the ameliorative potentials of canagliflozin and metformin on the testicular damage in diabetic rats .
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Vol.1 No.6 -5 : The renoprotective efficacy of melatonin against dimethylbenz[a]anthracene induced changes after long term exposure in Mice.

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By : Margit Semmler1, Abdel-Baset M. Aref2

Abstract

To evaluate the Renoprotective efficacy of melatonin against long term exposure induced changes of dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), cell proliferation and DNA synthesis was determined in the epithelial cells of cortical and medullary renal tubules in female and male mice applying quantitative autoradiographic analysis and using 3H thymidine as a radioactive label. A total of 30 male and female adult albino mice were divided into 3 groups, each of 10 individuals: control (group C), DMBA exposed (group D) and DMBA/melatonin exposed (group D+M) mice. In female mice, long term exposure for 150 days to a single injection of DMBA (10mg/ 100g b.w.) stimulated the incorporation rate of 3H thymidine into the epithelium of cortical renal tubules by 6774% compared to control. The number of grains over labeled nuclei was reduced by 57.1%. Daily injected with melatonin (100 g/ 100g b.w.) during the last 60 days of exposure to a single dose of DMBA attenuated cell division rate of the epithelial cells by 80% compared to group D, but remained 1275% higher than that of group C. The mean grain count over labeled nuclei was increased by 59.5% compared to group D, but remained 31.5% lower than that of control. In medullary portion of the renal tubules, DMBA induced changes were less pronounced than that in the cortical area. The cell division was stimulated by 833% compared to control and remained 8.1x lower than the percentage increase in the cortical part. The mean grain count over labeled nuclei was reduced by 40.4% compared to group C. Daily injected with melatonin (100 g/ 100g b.w.) during the last 60 days of exposure to a single dose of DMBA reduced the mitotic cell division by 83.9% compared to group D and thereby showing a similar effect as in the cortical part of the renal tubules. Compared to group C, the 3H labeling index remained 50% higher. In the cortical portion, the comparable value was 1275% higher than that of control. The mean grain count over labeled nuclei was increased by 26.2% compared to group D and remained 24.8% lower than in group C.

anthracene induced changes after long term exposure in Mice.”]
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Vol.1 No.3 -5 : Preventive effect of melatonin against dimethylbenz(a)anthracene induced changes in renal tubules of Mice an Autoradiographic Study.

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By : Margit Semmler1, Abdel-Baset M. Aref2

Abstract

The present study aims to evaluate the possible preventive effect of melatonin against dimethyl-benz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced cell proliferation and DNA synthesis in epithelial cells of cortical and medullary renal tubules in mice applying the method of quantitative autoradiography. Exposure to a single injection of DMBA (10mg/ 100g b.w.) and examined after 60 days revealed different changes in cell proliferation in the two portions of the tubules. In males, the mean values raised by 388% and 363% for cortical and medullary renal tubules respectively compared to control. The mean grain count over labelled nuclei was reduced 51% and 35.2% respectively for the two portions of the renal tubules. In females the cell division was stimulated by 125% in the cortical tubules and whereas in the medullary portion it remained nearly unchanged compared to control. In males, the mean grain count over labelled nuclei was lower by 47.6% in cortical renal tubules and by 67.3% in medullary renal tubules. In females, the mean grain count over labelled nuclei was in both portions reduced by about 60%. Long term exposure to a single injection of DMBA for 120 days increased the cell proliferation in males and females in both portions of the renal tubules. A daily melatonin injection (100 μg/ 100g b.w.) for 60 and 120 days proliferation rate by 79.8% and 83.9% respectively in males for the two portions, while the mean grain count over labelled nuclei was lower by 20% and 39% respectively. In females melatonin attenuated cell proliferation by 67% and 43% in cortical and medullary respectively compared to the DMBA exposed group. and reached thereby the level of control. The grain counts over labelled nuclei were reduced identically by 105% in cortical and medullary renal tubules, but remained still 20% under that of control.

5. Preventive effect of melatonin against dimethylbenz(a)anthracene induced changes in renal tubules of Mice an Autoradiographic Study.
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