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Vol.10 No.1 – 2: Physiological responses (Hsp70, Mt), Oxidative stress, toxicity impacts, and risk assessment of the biomarker (Enochrus tenuicosta) to heavy metals contamination along the Red Sea coasts- Egypt.

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Eman H. Hassan1*, Eman H. Radwan2, Gaber A. Saad3, Nessrin Kheirallah3

1Biological and Geological Science Department, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

2Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt

3Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate the effect of heavy metals accumulation in midgut tissues of Enochrus tenuicosta beetles in the Red Sea also in water and sediments of the selected locations. Also to analyze the biochemical response and HSP70 expression. Our results demonstrated that the heavy metals and oxidative stress (MDA) concentrations in the polluted location were higher than the reference one. The response of the antioxidant defense system is significantly higher in the beetles of the reference ones. MT expression and HSP70 were much higher in the polluted beetles than in the reference ones.

Physiological responses (HSP70, Mt), Oxidative stress, toxicity impacts, and risk assessment of the biomarker (Enochrus tenuicosta) to heavy metals contamination along the Re

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Vol.5 No.2 – 1 : A Heavy Metal Exposure Risk assessment Model to Migratory Birds and Human in Burullus Lake, Egypt

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By: Basma M. Sheta1, Muhammad A. El-Alfy2 and Hazem T. Abd El-Hamid2

1 Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, PO Box 819, 34517 New Damietta, Damietta, Egypt.

2 Marine pollution Department, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt.

Abstract

Studying migratory birds wintering stopover areas has a global concern. The contamination with heavy metals is one of the serious threats to birds in wetland ecosystem. In the present study, heavy metal exposure risk to birds in Burullus Lake was assessed. The concentrations of Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd, and Co in water, plant and fish were determined in 10 bird habitats. A heavy metals’ exposure risk assessment model to migratory birds in Burullus Lake had been done. It showed that small waders, represented by dunlin, are exposed to higher doses and risk than the waterfowls, represented by mallard. Evaluation of this risk to migratory birds could not be done using water exposure doses only, but food exposure including plant and fish must be included. It is a priority to perform more efforts to reduce the serious contamination with Co and Ni. The risk for fish feeders can be summarized according to the following order: Co > Ni > Cd > Pb > Cr, while the risk for plant feeders is: Co > Ni > Cr > Cd > Pb. Health risk of heavy metal exposures was calculated using Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Hazard index (HI). Results showed that THQs for all metals were below the standard (<1), while HI values were lower than one except for Co and Cd. HI for these two metals are considered an appreciable hazard risk to human health. Therefore, it is recommended to analyze the heavy metal risk on a temporal basis.

A Heavy Metal Exposure Risk assessment Model to Migratory Birds and Human in Burullus Lake, Egypt

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Vol.5 No.1 – 9 : Oxidative stress and DNA damage in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as biomarkers of aquatic pollution

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By: EL-Hassan Mokhamer, Eman H. Radwan and Moataz Elsaka

Zoologlogy Department, Faculty of science, Damanhour university,Egypt

 (Email: elhassan.gaber@sci.dmu.edu.eg)

Abstract

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Cd) aquatic pollution of EL-Mahmoudeyia canal on the antioxidant enzymatic activities, GSH content and lipid peroxidation levels (MDA) in Oreochromis. niloticus muscles tissues collected from two areas EL-Mahmoudeyia canal as Polluted area and  Rosetta branch of river Nile as reference area in summer 2018 and winter 2019 as well as DNA damage was assessed in fish gills(erythrocytes) samples by applying comet assay. EL-Mahmoudeyia canal exposed to excessive of industrial effluents which impact the living organisms especially fish. The herein results showed that higher concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Cd) were detected in water and fish samples collected from the polluted area in comparison with the reference area, especially in winter.  The accumulation patterns of heavy metals in muscles of O. niloticus, were in the following order: Fe > Zn >Pb> Cu and Cd.The antioxidant enzymatic activities of (SOD, CAT, GPx and GST) and the lipid peroxidation biomarker MDA levels in muscles of O. niloticus collected from the polluted area were found to be significantly increased compared to that of the reference area.Meanwhile, there was a significant decrease in the GSH content levelin muscles of O. niloticus collected from the polluted area compared to that of the reference area. A significant elevation in DNA damage frequencies was observed in fish collected from the polluted areas compared with those from the reference area.These noticeable alterations in the selected antioxidant enzymatic activities in muscles of the O. niloticus go in parallel with the remarkable elevation in the levels of the detected heavy metals in water from EL Mahmoudeyia canal, as a result of pollution in these areas. This study explored the utility of the DNA damage, the altered antioxidant enzymatic activities, GSH content and MDA level as biomarkers of aquatic pollution.

 

Oxidative-stress-and-DNA-damage-in-Nile-Tilapia-Oreochromis-niloticus-as-biomark

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Vol.4 No.3 – 4 : Marine pollution by some heavy metals and physiological response of Ruditapes decussatus

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By : G.M El Khodary, E.H Radwan, M.M El Ghazaly and D. El Bahnasawy

Damanhour University, Faculty of Science, Zoology department, Egypt

 

Abstract

Bivalves can accumulate toxicants such as heavy metals in their tissues, for this reason they are considered as a good bio-indicators for water quality. The risk is increased due to eating these clams raw or lightly cooked. The aim of this study is to determine the concentration of some selected metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, Cd, and Pb) in the soft tissue of Ruditapes decussatus collected in the summer of 2017, from three locations at Alexandrian coasts, Egypt, Abo Quir, (loc.#1), Sedi Beshr (loc.#2) and (loc.#3), El-Max)  and to find out whether pollution alters the clam physiological functions or not. The present data showed that the highest mean value of salinity was reported in water samples collected from Abo Quir (loc.#1) and the highest level of dissolved oxygen was reported in water samples collected from Sedi Beshr (loc.#2). The present results showed that the studied heavy metals concentrations are highly significant in samples of water and soft tissue of Ruditapes decussatus collocated from Abo Quir bay. From the above cited results it is concluded that loc.#1(Abo Quir bay) represent the most polluted site in the present study. Statistical analysis showed significant increase of MDA and significant decrease of SOD and GPx in the soft tissue of Ruditapes decussatus collected from Abo-Quir Bay (loc.#1). There was high significant difference between tissue of clams collected from the three locations (p<0.001). The correlation coefficient of  physicochemical parameters, heavy metals in tissue, heavy metals in water  and oxidative stress biomarkers in Abo Quir Bay  (loc.#1) showed that; MDA mean activity concentration is positively correlated   with the mean activity level of  SOD at r = 0.844,  p = 0.035. The correlation coefficient between the five investigated heavy metals  Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb & Cd and oxidative stress bio-makers for the clam showed that in Abo Quir Bay (loc.#1), GPx is negatively correlated with Zn in tissue at r = -0.846 and p=0.034. On the other hand the Pb in tissue is positively correlated with mean Zn concentration in tissue at r = 0.878, p = 0.022.

 

Marine-pollution-by-some-heavy-metals-and-physiological-response-of-Ruditapes-decussatus-converted

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Vol.4 No.3 – 2 : Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Drinking and Agricultural Purpose in Seven Districts, Rabigh Governorate, Saudi Arabia

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By : Zaki Al-Hasawi 1, Esam Al-Wesabi 1,5*, Hassan Al-Harbi 2, Reem Al-Hasawi 3, Basim Aloufi 4

1 Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

2 Poison Control and Medical Forensic Toxicology Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

3 Department of Chemistry Sciences, Faculty of Science and arts, King Abdul Aziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia.

4Rabigh Power Company, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia.

5Al-Hodeidah University, Republic of Yemen.

 

Abstract

This study was conducted to analyze well waters in seven regions, Hajar, Mughynia, Nuweiba, Rabigh, Al-Abwa, Mastourah, and Kilayyah, which lie along the valleys that discharge in the Red Sea in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. This is to evaluate and determine whether the water of these wells is suitable for drinking and agricultural use. The study included determination of the major elements Ca, Na, K, Mg, P, F, the heavy metals, Fe, Cu, Zn, Al, Mn, Ba, and the toxic metals, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ag, Mo, Co, Be, V, Ar, Sb, Ti, and U concentration in the water of these wells. The elements Na, K, P increased in the ground water following the passage of water from upper valley to lower valley, and the elements Ca, Na, Mg and Cl concentration in well water is affected by their nearness to the Red Sea water, and the wells of Hajar, El-nugemia and Nuweiba have the least concentrations of these elements while those near the coast, Mastourah, Rabigh, Kilayyah and Al-Abwa contain water with high concentrations of these elements. As for water content of the major elements, all well waters is acceptable for drinking, except Mastourah with a high concentration of Na and Mg, and Rabigh and Al-Abwa with a high concentration of Ca. All wells water is acceptable for drinking as regards their content of the heavy and toxic metal.

zaki 4

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Vol.4 No.1 – 4 : Impact of environmental pollutants and parasites on the ultrastructure of the Nile bolti, Oreochromis auruis

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By :Eman Hashem Radwan , Amel Abd El Rahman Hassan  , Gehan Hassan Fahmy, Salma Sameh El Shewemi and Sherine Abdel Salam

 

Abstract

Environmental variability has great impact on processes of ecological organization. Local variation probably accounts within population variation in death rate. Marine parasites are of great importance. Incorporating environmental variation into theories of life histories for a better understanding of how environmental factors influence physiology, and the resulting histories of individuals. Adult Oreochromis auruis were collected from, El Behiara, Egypt. Concentration of Pb, Cu and Cd have been detected in the biota samples collected from El Behara, Egypt. The plenty of heavy metal concentration in the fish samples was found in the order Cu > Pb > Cd. A significant correlation (p<0.05) were found for each of Cu, Cd and Pb in Oreochromis auruis . The mean level of Pb is highly positively correlated with mean concentration level of the activity of GPx and the mean level of the total protein as r= 0.51 and r= 0.61; while Cu is highly positively correlated with Cd, S‰ and the total protein as r=0.75, r=0.65 and r=0.74; respectively. Cd is only highly significantly correlated with the total protein as r= 0.64.The salinity was highly correlated with both pH and the total protein as r=-0.64 and r=0.6; respectively. The mean value of pH is highly negatively correlated with both GPx and with the total protein as r= – 0.50 and r=-0.52; respectively. The activity of GPx is highly correlated with only the activity of the SOD as r=- 0.701.

(final2) salma, shirin, eman, gehan,amal.docx,2018.docx7-4-2018 (1)

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Vol.3 No.4 – 5 : Effect of discharged sewage water on accumulation of heavy metals in three plant species Zygophyllum album L. Suaeda aegyptiaca and Cyprus rotundus

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By : Al-Zahrani Saeed, AL-Hasawi zaki

 

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate pollution  caused  by  Jeddah City sewage water discharge on the Red Sea coastal soil and the accumulation of heavy metals in the naturally growing plants : Suaeda aegyptiaca Forssk. , Zygophyllum album L. and Cypersus jeminicus Rottb. Metal accumulation in the polluted water , soil and plants was compared with those parameters in an unpolluted coastal site ,30 km south of Jeddah City . The results indicated significantly high accumulation of metals in sea water, soil and plants of the polluted site compared to the unpolluted site. Macro – elements Ca , Na , Mg , K and P , and micro – elements ( heavy and toxic metal ) specially Fe , Al , Zn , and Mn were significantly high dominating all other elements . The three species differed in the elements they accumulated, and  all of them accumulated more than one element . The different plant parts ( leaves , stems , roots ) differed in the magnitude of the metals they accumulated . Suaeda  aegyptiaca Forssk. accumulated 7 elements Zn , Cu , Mn , Cr , Ni , Ba , Al  ,  and Zygophyllum album L. accumulated 9 elements , Zn , Mn , Cu , Ag , Co , Al , Ba , Ni , and Cr , while Cyperus jeminicus Rottb. accumulated only 3 elements , Zn , Mn and Ag . These three species may be considered hyperaccumulators to Zn , Ni and Al metals . According to this study these three species can be used as phytoremidation  to soils polluted with heavy metals.

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Vol.3 No.3 – 3: The Antioxidant defense Responses of Sea cucumber Holothuriapolii Against Rickettsia-like organism (RLOs) Infection and Heavy Metal Pollution in Alexandria coast

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By : Mohamed M. Elghazaly and Aml Z. Ghoneim

Abstract

Holothuriapolii, the common black sea cucumber (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea), is abundant in Mediterranean Sea alongAlexandria coast. This species was given the great valued commercially and for human consumption.The present study was objective to assess the biological effect of marine pollution on the sea cucumber,Holothuriapolii collected from two locations in Alexandria coast; Abo-Qir station as an industrial area compared with Miami station as a reference area, using the oxidative stress biomarkers approach, heavy metals bio-accumulation, and Rickettsia-like organism (RLOs) infection. Sea cucumber samples were collected from bothstations in Alexandria, during two seasons; winter (January) and summer (July) 2016. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to detect Zn, Mn, pb, Cu and Cd in the body wall of the animal as wellas in water samples.
The resultsshowed a significant decrease in the antioxidant parameters; catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione reductase (GSH), and Glutathione transferase(GST) activities, while theMalondialdehyde (MDA) level was significantly increased in the body wall tissue of sea cucumber collected from Abo-Qir station as compared with Miami station.The concentrations of heavy metals (Zn, Mn, Pb, Cu and Cd) in body wall of sea cucumber and sea water samples at the two stations differed significantly, showed increasing in the industrial area (Abo-Qir station) compared with Miami station. As parasites areubiquitous in the marine pollutant environment, so thepresent study proved that the sea cucumber samples collected from Abo-Qir station were infected by Rickettsia-like organism (RLOs), found inthe digestive tract and the respiratory tree of this marine animal. The present results of pollutant biomarkers indicated that, the degree of pollution increased in summer as compared with winter season in the two locations.

This study alsosuggestedthat the sea cucumberwas anideal bioindicator animal for marine pollution. The suppression of antioxidant biomarkers inthe tissue of sea cucumber compared with high values of MDA confirmed the presence of anthropogenic contaminants in Abo-Qir station, which essentially due to the industrial rejections. Also,Rickettsia-like organism (RLOs) infection and the bio-accumulation of theheavy metalsin the tissues of sea cucumber obstructed the antioxidant defense responses in the animal.

The Antioxidant defense Responses of Sea cucumber Holothuria polii Against Rickettsia-like organism (RLOs) Infection and Heavy Metal Pollution in Alexandria coast-converted

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Vol.2 No.08 -4 : Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in freshwater snails in relation to lining of water courses in Egypt.

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By : 1Ahmed Abdel Kader, 2Gamalat Y. Osman, 2Azza H. Mohamed, 3Mohamed M. Gharieb, 1Nahed M.M. Ismail and 1Asmaa Abdel-motleb

Abstract

The present study was aimed to determine the heavy metal concentrations in whole body of fresh water snails in relation to lining of water courses in two governorates (Behaira (Nubaria) and Giza) Through four successive seasons from Septemper 2013, to October 2014. The obtained results indicated that the electrical conductivity (EC) and iron metal (Fe) showed the highest values and generally the physicochemical measurements indicated that no significant difference between the two tested habitats, however, the conductivity of water in lined water bodies was lower than those of unlined ones. The present study recorded 14 species of snails belonging to class Gastropoda; these species belonged to Pulmonate and Prosobranch snails. The density of all recorded Pulmonate snails in lined sites were lower than those in unlined ones. On the other hand, the abundance of Prosobranch snails was higher in numbers in the lined sites than those in the unlined. In Nubaria the most abundant snails were Melanoides tuberculata and Theodoxus niloticus and exhibited their maximum percentages in the lined (82.15%) and unlined (72.34%) sites during summer, respectively. While, in Giza Governorate Physa acuta snails had the highest percentages among collected snails approximately at all seasons, and exhibited its maximum percentages during spring in lined (90.22%) and unlined sites (85.38%). Correlations between physicochemical parameters and the collected snails, revealed that there were different negative or positive correlations depending on the sites of investigation. The bioconcentration factor of heavy metals in snail’s soft tissues at the investigated in lined and unlined sites compared to the content of the metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zinc) in the water showed high variation in BCF values depending on the type of metal and the snail. Generally P. acuta (7626.95μg.g-1 DW for Fe) and H. duryi (8787.10 μg.g-1 DW for Cu) were the highest snails of accumulated metal contents in the tested sites of the two surveyed governorates, respectively.

4_Bioaccumulation_of_heavy_metals_in_freshwater_snails_in_relation_to_lining_of_water_courses_in_Egypt
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Vol.1 No.4 -7 : Impact of seasonal changes on the quality of water and fish from Abu Za’baal Lakes.

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By : Hala Elshahat Ghannam1, Abdelrahman Said Talab2* and Abdel-Samie Abd El-Hamide Elewa3

Abstract

Physicochemical characteristics and concentrations of some heavy metals of water and two fish species in Abu Za’baal lakes during the period from summer 2012 to spring 2013 were investigated. The physicochemical characteristics of water and fish were proved to be within the permissible levels during different seasons. However, heavy metals levels exceed the permissible limits in water samples, and also Pb in fish muscles. The concentrations of heavy metals were significantly higher in water and fish muscles during summer and the metal concentrations in water were present in the following order: Mn> Pb> Zn> Cu> Cd, while those of fish were found in the order of: Zn> Mn> Pb> Cu> Cd. Proximate composition of two fish species showed a significant variation (p<0.05) during different seasons. TVBN, TMA, TBA and TPC were under the permissible limits as acceptability for raw fish, moreover heavy metals in water and fish muscle did not exhibit any effect on proximate composition and physicochemical characteristics of fish muscles.

7. Impact of seasonal changes on the quality of water and fish from Abu Za'baal Lakes.
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