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Vol.2 No.5 -7 : Folic acid ameliorates L-thyroxin induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in albino rats.

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By : Somya Y. Shalaby¹, Saber A. Sakr¹, Ehab Tousson², Mohamed Rabea¹

Abstract

Thyroid hormones have been known to regulate the energy metabolism of most tissues including liver. Alterations in their normal levels cause some biochemical and clinical abnormalities such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. The present study evaluated the effect of thyroid hormone, L-thyroxin on liver of albino rats. Additionally the ameliorating role of folic acid supplementation was investigated. Fifty male albino rats were randomly divided into five groups (group I, control; group II, folic acid; group III, L-thyroxin sodium administration (100 μg/kg / body weight); group IV, L-thyroxin and folic acid group and V, recovery group). The results showed that there were a significant increase in ALT, AST, MDA and nitric oxide in L-thyroxin treated rats as compared to control group. On the other hand, a significant decrease in glutathione (GSH) in L-thyroxin treated rats as compared to control group. Histological results showed that liver sections of L-thyroxin group showed histopathological lesions such as leucocytic infiltrations, congestion of central and portal veins and cytoplasmic vacuolation of hepatocytes with the presence of pyknotic nuclei, in addition to fatty infiltration. Immunohistochemical results revealed that strong positive expression of PCNA, P53, and Bcl-2 were detected in the liver section in L-thyroxin treated rats and recovered rats as compared to control and folic acid groups. However; mild to moderate positive expressions of PCNA, P53, and Bcl-2 were observed in rats treated with L-thyroxin and folic acid in liver section. This reflects oxidative stress associated with hyperthyroid state.

7. Folic acid ameliorates L-thyroxin induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in albino rats.
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Vol.2 No.2 -2 : Effect of L-arginine on methotrexate induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats.

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By : Ashour A – S Abdel-Mawla1, Safia M Hassan2, Ekram N Abd Al-Haleem3 and Safeyah Z El-Hangoor4

Abstract

Methotrexate (MTX) is commonly used in the treatment of many different types of cancer and inflammatory diseases. Its cytotoxic nature also lends a substantial risk of life-threatening side effects. L-arginine is beneficial in the treatment of hepatic injury, hepatic cirrhosis and fatty liver degeneration. The present work aims to study the effect of L-arginine on hepatotoxicity of methotrexate in albino rats. Five groups of albino rats were used. Group I: control. Group II: rats were administered (MTX) in a daily oral dose of 0.45 mg/kg, for 28 days. Group III: rats were administered L-arginine in a daily oral dose of 300 mg/kg, for 28 days. Group IV: rats were received L- arginine 2 hrs before (MTX). Group V: rats were received L-arginine 2 hrs after (MTX). The results revealed different histopathological changes in liver of MTX-treated rats such as focal areas of necrosis and increased numbers of activated Kupffer cells, an apparent increase in the amount of collagen fibers and strong immunoreactive expression of α- SMA. Biochemical results revealed a significant increase in the serum levels of ALT, AST, bilirubin and decreasing the level of antioxidant enzymes. L-agrinine minimized the hepatotoxicity of MTX by decreasing the level of ALT, AST and bilirubin, MDA and increasing the antioxidant enzymes. It is concluded that L-arginine protects liver from hepatotoxicity of methotrexate and this due to its antioxidant activity.

2. Effect of L-arginine on methotrexate induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats.
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Vol.2 No.1 -3 : Studies on the antibacterial effect of probiotics and prebiotics against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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By : Shaaban,M.T1., Hussien ,M.Z2., Allam N.G.3, Moustafa H.H.1

Abstract

The influences of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidus and Streptococcus thermophiles ( probiotics mixture) were studied against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The ethanolic precipitate of the probiotics mixture revealed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and assayed qualitatively by GC-Mass spectrum as it partially identified as carbohydrate substances, Antimicrobial activities of the used probiotics and prebiotics against S. aureus were studied in vitro referring to commercial used antibiotics, To investigate the protective efficiency of probiotics mixture and their prebiotics against S. aureus infection in mice, acomparative studies have been conducted and the success of treatment or prevention had been measured through detection of Liver enzymes (Aspartate transaminase (AST) and Alanin transaminase (ALT) , bacterial colony count in target organs (liver and lung ), histological changes occurred in liver and intestine and immunoglobulin IgM titer.In conclusion it could be concluded that the mixed culture of probiotic strains could increase the protective effects against S. aureus infection.

3. Studies on the antibacterial effect of probiotics and prebiotics against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Vol.2 No.1 -7 : Potential hepatoprotection exerted by ginseng against chlorpyrifos-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats.

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By : Bayomy M.F.F., Abdel Samie H. A., Gendia S.E. M.

Abstract

Insecticides gained public reputation and widespread application to control the spread of different insects in various habitats. However, the deleterious effects of these chemicals could not be ignored and should be dealt seriously. The present work was conducted to test the efficacy of the natural plant ginseng in alleviating toxicity of chlorpyrifos. The organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos induced hepatotoxicity and changes in some serum biochemical parameters. The liver of rats administered chlorpyrifos manifested cytoplasmic vacuolization, leucocytic infiltration, hemorrhage and remarkable dilatation of veins. The nuclear chromatin was condensed. There was a significant increase in alanin aminotransferase (ALT) while there was a significant decrease in albumin, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the serum of treated rats. Treating animals with ginseng was found in this study to alleviate hepatotoxicity and restore the levels of the tested serum parameters to nearly normal values.

7. Potential hepatoprotection exerted by ginseng against chlorpyrifos-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats.
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