Vol.7 No.4 – 2:Diagnostic values of a model based on B-type natriuretic peptide, C reactive protein, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio for diagnosis of diabetic heart diseases patients

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By: Mohamed M. Omran1*, Yassmin Taha2, Mohamed Kadry3, Fathy M. Eltaweel2, Tarek M. Emran4

1 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.

2 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Egypt

3Laboratory Department, Gamasa Central Hospital, Gamasa, Egypt

4Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University,

New Damietta; Egypt

Abstract

Background: People with type 2 diabetes means they are more likely to progress many complications such as hyperglycemia, low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance, and accelerated heart disease. Diabetic heart disease (DHD) can be diabetic cardiomyopathy, heart failure (HF), and coronary heart disease.

Methods: Blood samples from 100 patients with DHD, and 76 controls included   [diabetic patients without cardiac diseases 56, and 20 healthy individuals were collected. C reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), were estimated in all study individuals. The area under receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the single and combined markers. Results: Levels of CRP, BNP, and NLR had significant differences but VCAM had no significant differences among DHD, controls, diabetic, and healthy individuals groups.  Then VCAM marker was excluded from further analysis. CRP was the most efficient biomarker among markers for discriminating DHD patients from healthy individuals, diabetic patients and, controls with AUCs were 0.99, 0.87, and 0.89; respectively. We developed a new model based on three blood markers (CRP, BNP, NLR) for differentiated DHD.  Linear significant correlations were observed between model levels and candidate markers that included: CRP (r=0. 78; p <0.0001), NLR (r = 0. 0.53; p <0.0001), BNP (r = – 0.55; p <0.0001). The AUC of the model was 1.0 with 100 % sensitivity and 100 % specificity for discriminated patients with DHD from healthy individuals. For discriminate patients with DHD from diabetic patients, AUC was 0.90 with 92 % sensitivity and 81% specificity. For discriminate patients with DHD from controls, AUC was 0.93 with 92 % sensitivity and 83 % specificity.  

Conclusion: The combination of three candidate biomarkers CRP, BNP, and NLR can be used to improve the diagnosis of DHD patients with high diagnostic performances.

Diagnostic-values-of-a-model-based-on-B-type-natriuretic-peptide-C-reactive-protein-and-neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio-for-diagnosis-of-diabetic-heart-diseases-patients-converted

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Vol.7 No.4 – 1: Antioxidant effect of vitamin E on diphenylamine-induced hepato-renal oxidative stress and structural changes in rat fetuses

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By: Hend Tarek El-Borm

Zoology Department-Faculty of Science-Menoufia University, Egypt

Abstract

To date, studies on the effects of prenatal exposure to diphenylamine on developing fetuses are sparse. Therefore, further investigation is required to determine the potential prenatal hazard of this compound and to introduce possible treatment for these hazards. This study aimed to assess the biochemical, histopathological, and ultrastructural changes induced by diphenylamine in the developing liver and kidney of rat fetuses and the role of vitamin E in alleviating these changes. Fifty pregnant rats were divided equally into five groups, the group I was administrated distilled water, group II was administrated corn oil, group III was administrated 100 mg/kg/b.wt. vitamin E, group IV was administrated approximately 400 mg/kg/b.wt diphenylamine and group V was administrated diphenylamine + vitamin E at the above-mentioned doses from the 6th to 15th day of pregnancy. Diphenylamine induced undesirable histopathological and ultrastructural changes in the fetal liver and kidney. These changes were in the form of vacuolation, congestions of central veins, hemorrhage, leucocytic infiltration, degenerated cytoplasm, pyknotic nuclei, and swollen mitochondria and rER of hepatocytes. While the degenerative changes in the kidney were represented by degenerated brush border, lumen dilation, tubular hyalinization, vacuolation, degenerated nuclei, and mitochondria. Also, there was a significant decrease in the antioxidant enzymes i.e., superoxide dismutase and catalase, and a significant increase in reactive oxygen radicals and malondialdehyde. Treatment with vitamins E after diphenylamine restored all biochemical, histopathological, and ultrastructural damage cited above. In conclusion, vitamin E has antioxidant effects which could be able to antagonize diphenylamine prenatal toxicity.

Antioxidant-effect-of-vitamin-E-on-diphenylamine-induced-hepato-renal-oxidative-stress-and-structural-changes-in-rat-fetuses-converted

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