Vol.7 No.3 – 4:Association between thrombocytopenia and mild infection of COVID-19 patients

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By: Ahmed Abdelhalim Yameny

Society of Pathological Biochemistry and Hematology, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Thrombocytopenia is a common manifestation and also an indicator of poor prognosis of SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 according to previous researches, Some studies have found a relationship between thrombocytopenia and the severity of the COVID-19 and related mortality. Patients and methods: This study included 504 out hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection in Alexandria, Egypt, these study subjects were randomly selected irrespective of the age group and both genders were included, EDTA blood sample was collected for performing complete blood count and platelet count (Diagon D-cell 60 hematology analyzer Europe-Diagon Ltd. Hungary). Results: The present study included patients aged from14 years to 75 years mean age was 44.5 ±30.5 who were confirmed to have Covid-19 based on real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, the female gender was more frequent (n=280, 55.6%) than Male gender (n=224, 44.4%). This study reveals a normal platelet count in 456 patients (90.5%), and a mild low platelet count of 140-150× 109/L in 48 patients(9.5%), with a p-value, is 0.415 which is more than 0.05 not significant. And no patients in this studied group recorded platelet count less than 140× 109/L. Conclusion: Platelet was not a significant biomarker for COVID-19 diagnosis or prognosis in out-hospitalized patients (Outpatients and patients under home observation).

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Vol.7 No.3 – 3: T-lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+) in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Correlation with Clinical Manifestation

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By: Abeer M. El-Maghraby1, Yasser B.M. Ali2, Eman A. El-maadawy2, Mohamed F. Elshal2, Iman H Bassyouni3, Islam M El-Garawani1, Roba M. Talaat2

1Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32511, Menoufia, Egypt

2Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Egypt

3Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

AIM: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease that has a multifactorial etiology. T- Lymphocytes are essential in SLE pathogenesis. It plays a crucial role in autoantibody production and the subsequent immune complex formation, which may induce or directly damage multiple organs. This study was carried out aiming to quantify certain T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+) in SLE patients and to elucidate if there is a possible influence of disease activity scores and clinical manifestations. Patients and Methods: This study included 100 SLE patients with various disease activity scores (SLEDAI) and 100 healthy age and sex-matched controls. The frequency of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ was assessed by flow cytometry. Results: A significant up-regulation in CD3+ (P<0.01), CD8+ (P<0.001) coincides with a significant downregulation in CD4+cells (P<0.001) were detected in SLE patients compared to controls. A significant up-regulation in CD4+ (P<0.05) was demonstrated in active SLE patients compared with the inactive form of the disease. On the other hand, no significant change was observed in the frequency of CD3+ and CD8+T cell subsets between active and inactive patients. Arthritic patients have a significant reduction in CD3+ and CD4+ T cells while those with Vasculities significantly reduce in CD4+, CD8+ compared with SLE patients without these manifestations.   Conclusion: The current study results stressed the importance of T cell subsets in SLE disease. They might participate in disease activity and in controlling several manifestations of lupus. Our findings will help design more studies on the role of T cell subsets in SLE pathogenesis which may provide new therapeutic targets for SLE.

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Vol.7 No.3 – 2: Evaluation of diagnostic performances of leptin and vitamin D for colorectal cancer diagnosis and follow-up

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By: Manar S. Fouda1, Sara A. Mekkawy2, Mariam T.  Ghabour2, Radwa E. Othman2, Nayera A. Ahmed2, Nour A. Habbib2, Salsabeel A.Elkholey2,  Rahma M.Soliman2, Maria C. Fouad2,  Ellen Y.Ayad2,  Mayar A. Shaqran2,  Mariam I Mohamed2,   Rokaia M. Aljarwani1, Khaled Aboul-Enein3,  Mohamed M. Omran1*

1Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt

2 Molecular Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt

3Clinical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

Abstract

Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most often diagnosed solid tumors, with a significant death and morbidity rate. CRC biomarkers are desperately needed for early detection. Traditional CRC tumor markers do not have the best diagnostic performance. The levels of leptin and vitamin D were evaluated. CRC patients before treatment (n=16), CRC patients after treatment (n=14), and 20 patients with benign tumors were included in this case-control study. ELISA was used to determine the levels of traditional tumor markers (CA19.9 and CEA) as well as candidate markers (leptin and vitamin D). Using area receiver-operating characteristic analysis (AUC), the diagnostic performance of single and combination markers was assessed (ROC). The levels of CEA and CA 19.9 in the three groups studied were not significantly different. Vitamin D and leptin were significantly decreased (p= 0.03 and p= 0.02; respectively) in CRC patients than after benign patients. A novel combination, based on the combination of vitamin D and leptin was developed for CRC diagnosis using stepwise multivariate discriminant analysis (MDA). The combination can be represented as = (4.65 – vitamin D ((ng/ml)) × 0.009 + Leptin (ng/ml) × 0.441). AUCs were reported when leptin was used as a single biomarker for distinguishing CRC from benign (0.78) and non-treated CRC from treated CRC (0.67). When leptin and vitamin D were combined, the AUCs increased to 0.84 and0.72, respectively. Conclusion: Leptin and vitamin D were shown to be promising diagnostic and follow-up indicators for CRC in our investigation.

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Vol.7 No.3 – 1:CDPA-1 Stored Blood Induced Effect on some Haematological Parameters

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By: Nihal Abdalla Bakheit Almokhtar and Nour Mahmoud Abdelateif Ali

Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Alneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan

Abstract

Background: Most blood collection bags contain 63 mL CPDA anticoagulant which is sufficient to anticoagulant and ensures the viability of blood cells in 450 mL±10% blood for up to 28–35 days when the blood is stored at 2–8°C. Prolonged storage of blood leads to alteration in cells hematologically which may lose viability with time. Aim: The study was conducted to determine the effect of storage on CPDA-1 for varying periods on some hematological parameters. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on blood donated by 30 healthy volunteer donors. Effect of storage was analyzed at 1, 7, 14, 21and 28 days intervals. Hematological parameters were measured using Mindary PS 300 hematology analyzer. Results:

There is a highly significant increase in hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume (P.C.V. %), MCV, and also a decrease in lymphocyte, granulocyte, and platelet count. The results also showed an insignificant decrease in total white blood cell count. Conclusion: There are degenerative changes observed in blood parameters in samples collected in citrate phosphate dextrose adenine (CPDA-1).

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