Vol.5 No.1 – 5 : Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and oxidative stress markers based -scores to improve the diagnostic accuracy of chronic kidney diseases

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By : Toson el-SA1 , Waly S1, Omran MM2,*

1Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
2Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Biomarkers can detect chronic kidney disease (CKD) in an early stage. Patients and methods: 75 individuals suffering from chronic kidney disorders were included in this study. Serum Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) was assayed using ELISA. Nitric oxide (NO) in addition to total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was colormetrically measured. Results: NGAL was the most efficient marker among others. Its area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were 0.91 and 0.80 for differentiating patients with CKD from control individuals and discriminating patients in late stages from those in early stages, respectively. The stepwise multivariate discriminant analysis (MDA) selected two novel indexes. The first is to differentiate patients in late stages from those in early stages of CKD; namely NGAL- Total antioxidant capacity (NT) score. The second is to differentiate all of these patients from those of the control subjects; namely NGAL- nitric oxide (NN) score. The AUCs of NT and NN score were 0. 84 and 0.93; respectively. Conclusion: NT and NN scores may add more in evaluation and prediction of the progression of CKD.

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and oxidative stress markers based -scores to improve the diagnostic accuracy of chronic kidney diseases-converted

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Vol.5 No.1 – 4 : Evaluation of the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of Millettia zechiana and its action on the evolution of anemia in albino rats.

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By : Karamoko Chérif Moustapha1,2*, Touré André Offianan2, Bla Kouakou Brice1, Tuo Karim2, N’guessan Yao Honoré1, Bidie Alain dit Philippe1

1University of Félix Houphouët Boigny, 22 PO Box 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire

2 Institut Pasteur of Côte d’Ivoire, 01 PO Box 490 Abidjan 01

Abstract

Background: Malaria is a parasitic infection that leads to anemia and death. Unfortunately, the upsurge of chemo-resistance prompted researchers to focus on new antimalarial drugs. Objectives: This work aimed to evaluate the antiplasmodial and antianemic activity of Millettia zechiana. Methods: the In vitro activity was assessed on clinical isolates and the standard strain of Plasmodium falciparum K1, using the SYBR green I test. Moreover, the antianemic activity was evaluated in phenylhydrazine-induced anemic albino rats. Results/discussion: The ethyl acetate and hydroethanolic extract exhibited an antiplasmodial activity with IC50s of 6.14 and 12.14 μg/mL respectively on the Plasmodium falciparum K1 strain. As for the in vivo antianemic activity, the ethyl acetate extract was the most active with better hematological reconstitution percentages. The presence of chemical compounds such as alkaloids, terpenoids, and quinonic substances in both extracts, could be responsible for their activities. Conclusion: Millettia zechiana could be a potential source for novel antimalarial drugs and might be used as an improved traditional medicine on account of its availability.

Evaluation of the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of Millettia zechiana and its action on the evolution of anemia in albino rats.-converted

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Vol.5 No.1 – 3 : Biochemical and pathological evaluation of the effectiveness of nano-targeted sono-photodynamic therapy in breast cancer

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By: Ahmed A Jasim1,2, Jubran M. Abdulrahman1,3 ,  Samir A. Abd El-kaream4,

Gihan Hosny1*

1Institute of Graduate Studies & Research, Alexandria University, Egypt.

2Al-NahrainUniversity, Biotechnology Research center, Baghdad, Iraq.

3Center of Research and Educational Studies, Ministry of Education, Baghdad, Iraq.

4Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: Sono-photodynamic therapy (SPDT) is a novel cancer treatment therapy that uses the light of a particular wavelength and sound of a particular frequency to activate a light- and sonosensitive material which attaches selectively tumor cells, causing their breakdown. The present work aims to investigate biochemically and pathologically the effectiveness of using SPDT in combination with either nano-5-aminolevulinic acid (nano-ALA) or nano-Chlorophyll (nano-Chl), as sono-photosensitizers, in curing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma tumor implanted to group of mice. Methods: A total of 130 male Swiss albino mice with age 60–65 day, weighing 20 ± 2.0 g, were used in this experiment. Two sources of energy were used; namely infrared laser (IR) and Ultrasound for 3 min. When the tumor had grown to about 10 mm in diameter at day 10 after inoculation, the treatment strategy was started. Six experimental groups were investigated. Biochemical analyses were carried out to detect the serum levels for activities of oxidative stress enzymes, liver and kidney functions. Pathological analyses were carried out to evaluate the effect of different treatment modalities on tumor treatment.  Results: It was observed that SPDT utilizing nano-ALA or nano-Chl ameliorated the activity levels of the studied enzymes in mice bearing tumor lesions, indicating the safe and non-toxic treatment modality. Pathological evaluation showed that targeted SPDT caused almost complete destruction of cancer cells. Conclusion: The results suggest that nano-ALA or nano-Chl could be used as novel and safe nano-materials with great potential as effective drug delivery system in cancer-targeted SPDT.

Biochemical and pathological evaluation of the effectiveness of nano-converted

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Vol.5 No.1 – 2 : Role of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 for Diagnosing Acute Myocardial Infarction

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By : Mohamed M. Omrana*, Faten M. Zahranb, Mohamed Kadryc,

Arafa A. M. Belal c, Reihan M.Sd

a Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science,  Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt;

b Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt;

c Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt;

 d Cardiology Department, Faculty of  Medicine, New Damietta, Al-Azhar University, Egypt;

*Corresponding author: Mohamed Mostafa Omran, PhD: E-mail: drmmomran@yahoo.com

Abstract

Background:Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) controlled and promoted by inflammation within coronary plaque. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is pro-inflammatory mediator, that’s playing a major role in plaque rupture. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of MCP-1 for early diagnosis of AMI among chest pain (CP) patients. Methods: MCP-1 and cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) were performed for all studied patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers. Results: Baseline level of MCP-1 has good capacity for discriminating patients with AMI from non coronary chest pain (NCCP), stable angina (SA) and unstable angina (UA)  patients with efficiency 91%, 91% and 83%; Respectively. Area under the curves (AUCs) of MCP-1 for diagnosis AMI patients at 0-6 hours and > 6-12 hours after onset time of CP were 0.69 (P < 0.001); and 0.71(P < 0.0001); respectively, compared with cTnI were 0.58 (P < 0.001) and 0.67 (P < 0.001); respectively. However, at > 12-24 hours, cTnI has AUC 0.93 (P < 0.0001) compared with MCP-1 0.74 (P < 0.0001). In conclusion: Independent early baseline MCP-1 has given sufficient diagnostic information for patients with AMI.

Role of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 for Diagnosing

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Vol.5 No.1 – 1 : Protective role of rosemary extract against Etoposide induced liver toxicity, injury and KI67 alterations in rats

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By: *Ehab Tousson, Ahmed Masoud, Ezar Hafez, Majd Almakhatreh

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

*Corresponding author: toussonehab@yahoo.com

Abstract

Etoposide is chemotherapeutic drugs that inhibit topoisomerase II activity and long been used for treatment of human malignancies. The present study was designed to investigate the possible protective effect of rosemary extract against Etoposide-induced liver toxicity, injury and KI67 alterations in rats. A total of 40 male Wister albino rats were divided randomly into four groups (1st group was control; 2nd group was treated with rosemary, 3rd group was received Etoposide, and 4th group was treated with both rosemary and Etoposide. The administration of Etoposide significantly caused elevation in ALT, AST, ALP and liver damage while albumen, total proteins and KI67 expressions were significantly decrease when compared with control group. Co-treated rat with rosemary and Etoposide maintained the levels of the measured parameters. Finally, it could be concluded that rosemary has a promising role and it worth to be considered as a natural substance for protective the liver toxicity and injury induced by Etoposide chemotherapy.

Protective role of rosemary extract against Etoposide induced liver toxicity, injury and KI67 alternations in rats-converted

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