Vol.3 No.3 – 4: Gene-Behavior Theory: Relation between behavioral deviation and satellite DNA causing increased selective disease susceptibility within communities

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By : Seif Salah-Eldin Mohammed

Abstract

The regional differences in the mix of cancers and diseases provoke many questions regarding the causes that control the susceptibility, in this work, it is proven that the behavioral deviance is the main cause for the increased selective disease susceptibility through cross-sectional studies. Theoretically, it is suggested that human leucocyte antigens is a marker for a deviated ancestors, and satellite DNA is an expression to the common-sense and reflects the behavior, causing increased disease susceptibility if deviated. The conformity approach which used in the human-community theory explain many social and genetic mechanisms, especially, how human-human interactions affect the genetic damage/repair.

JBAAR 2017-9 Issue 3 (The Gene-Behavior Theory)

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Vol.3 No.3 – 3: The Antioxidant defense Responses of Sea cucumber Holothuriapolii Against Rickettsia-like organism (RLOs) Infection and Heavy Metal Pollution in Alexandria coast

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By : Mohamed M. Elghazaly and Aml Z. Ghoneim

Abstract

Holothuriapolii, the common black sea cucumber (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea), is abundant in Mediterranean Sea alongAlexandria coast. This species was given the great valued commercially and for human consumption.The present study was objective to assess the biological effect of marine pollution on the sea cucumber,Holothuriapolii collected from two locations in Alexandria coast; Abo-Qir station as an industrial area compared with Miami station as a reference area, using the oxidative stress biomarkers approach, heavy metals bio-accumulation, and Rickettsia-like organism (RLOs) infection. Sea cucumber samples were collected from bothstations in Alexandria, during two seasons; winter (January) and summer (July) 2016. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to detect Zn, Mn, pb, Cu and Cd in the body wall of the animal as wellas in water samples.
The resultsshowed a significant decrease in the antioxidant parameters; catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione reductase (GSH), and Glutathione transferase(GST) activities, while theMalondialdehyde (MDA) level was significantly increased in the body wall tissue of sea cucumber collected from Abo-Qir station as compared with Miami station.The concentrations of heavy metals (Zn, Mn, Pb, Cu and Cd) in body wall of sea cucumber and sea water samples at the two stations differed significantly, showed increasing in the industrial area (Abo-Qir station) compared with Miami station. As parasites areubiquitous in the marine pollutant environment, so thepresent study proved that the sea cucumber samples collected from Abo-Qir station were infected by Rickettsia-like organism (RLOs), found inthe digestive tract and the respiratory tree of this marine animal. The present results of pollutant biomarkers indicated that, the degree of pollution increased in summer as compared with winter season in the two locations.

This study alsosuggestedthat the sea cucumberwas anideal bioindicator animal for marine pollution. The suppression of antioxidant biomarkers inthe tissue of sea cucumber compared with high values of MDA confirmed the presence of anthropogenic contaminants in Abo-Qir station, which essentially due to the industrial rejections. Also,Rickettsia-like organism (RLOs) infection and the bio-accumulation of theheavy metalsin the tissues of sea cucumber obstructed the antioxidant defense responses in the animal.

The Antioxidant defense Responses of Sea cucumber Holothuria polii Against Rickettsia-like organism (RLOs) Infection and Heavy Metal Pollution in Alexandria coast-converted

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Vol.3 No.3 – 2: Effects of Occupational Exposure to Pesticides on Male Sex Hormones

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By : Mohga S. Abdallah, Amal Saad-Hussein, Eman M Shahy, Manar Seleem, and Asmaa M. Abdel-Aleem

Abstract

Pesticides have been extensively studied for their toxic hazards. The effect of exposure to pesticides has been studied among occupationally exposed workers. This study aimed to determine the role of occupational exposure to pesticides on male reproductive hormones. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone of 51 pesticide sprayers occupationally exposed to pesticides and 50 controls were estimated. Results revealed significant increase in FSH concentration among the workers compared to controls. While, there were no significant difference in the concentrations of LH and testosterone between the two groups. In conclusion: occupational exposure to pesticides may result in significant increase of FSH, but not affecting LH and testosterone in the studied pesticide sprayers, and that could be attributed to their use of non-persistent pesticides and the resting durations between the peaks of their occupational exposures.

Asmaa 9 2017 final

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Vol.3 No.3 – 1 : Effect of Sulforaphane and Methotrexate combined treatment on Histone Deacetylase Activity in Solid Ehrlich Carcinoma

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By : Mai M. El-Keey; Mohamad A. El Ghonamy; Tarek M. Ali1; Wafaa M. Ibrahim; Ehab Tousson.

Abstract

Histone acetylation is one of the posttranslational modification that plays a role in the regulation of gene expression, also modulation of acetylation with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) had been considered a novel strategy for cancer chemoprevention.This study was aimed to investigate the activity of histone deacetylaseenzyme (HDAC) in tumor cell model Solid Ehrlich carcinoma under the effect of the antitumor drug methotrexate in combination with sulforaphane (SFN) which is a natural compound found in cruciferous vegetables. In the present study sulforaphane was extracted from cabbage outer leaves. The HDAC activity significantly increased in tumor bearing mice, non-significantly decreased after treatment with methotrexate and significantly decreased after treatment with methotrexate with oral supplement by sulforaphane. However, The DNA damage decreased significantly in tumor tissue of tumor bearing mice after treatment with methotrexate and increased significantly in tumor tissue of tumor bearing mice treated with oral sulforaphane in combination with methotrexate treatment after carcinogenesis. In conclusion the sulforaphane have antitumor effect via its pro-oxidant activity and affect the HDAC activity via its metabolite’s in an inhibitory manner that inhanced the effect of methotrexate.

Effect of Sulforaphane and Methotrexate combined treatment on Histone Deacetylase Activity in Solid Ehrlich Carcinoma

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