Vol.2 No.08 -5 : Specific learning disorders in epileptic children.

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By : Shewikar T. El-Bakry, Shaza M. Eltaher*, Abo Zaid A. Khodair, Khaled S. Meselhey

Abstract

Specific learning disorders are more common in epileptic children even with normal IQ, The Epilepsy related factors such as (duration of illness , type and severity of epilepsy and medications used ) are strongly related to increase risk of learning disorders. The present study is aimed to shed the light on the specific learning disorders in epileptic children and to study the relation between learning disorders and the epilepsy related factors such as duration , medications , type and severity of epilepsy. Also to study the relation between the learning disorders and the intelligence quotient.
The study was conducted on 60 children between the age group of 9and 12 years old.All were subjected to a Semi structured interview, Learning & Developmental Disorders Rating Scales ( LDDRS ) Battery (El-Zyat , 2007), Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (SB5), Fifth Edition translated by (Farag,2010).
The results showed that Seizures was not the only problem that children with epilepsy are suffering from but also they are at greater risk for developing learning Disabilities. From the developmental disorders attention disorder was the most common detected followed by memory then auditory processing disorder followed by visual processing disorder then motor skills disorders. While regarding the academic learning disorders reading disorder was the most prevalent followed by the writing and mathematics being the least detected among the studied group. It is concluded that the most leading causes for learning disability in epileptic children ,as verified in the studied

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Vol.2 No.08 -6 : Biochemical effects of some insect growth regulators and bioinsecticides against cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.)(Lepidoptera Noctuidae).

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By : Assar,A.A.1; Abo El-Mahasen,M.M.1; Dahi,H.F.2; Amin,H.S.2

Abstract

The current work was carried out to evaluate the biochemical effects of LC50 of four compounds; emamectin and spinetoram as bioinsecticides, hexaflumuron and teflubenzuron as Insect growth regulators (IGR’s) against the 4th instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis to determine the effects of these compounds on total carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, acetylcholinesterase, chitinase, phenoloxidase, carbohydrates hydrolyzing enzymes, non-specific esterases, phosphatases and transaminase enzymes.
The obtained results indicated that total proteins and lipids content were significantly decreased with all tested insecticides, except slightly increase in total protein with spinetoram, in contrast, all tested insecticides led to an increase in total carbohydrates. The tested insecticides significantly increased the invertase activity except emamectin decreased the enzyme activity. A significant decrease in the activity of trehalase and amylase activity was induced by the tested insecticides, except with emamectin and teflubenzuron in case of amylase. The tested insecticides significantly decreased the activity of acid (AcP) and alkaline (AlP) phosphates. It is clearly noticed that teflubenzuron and spinetoram significantly increased alpha esterases in contrast, decreased with hexaflumuron and emamectin. A highly significant decreased in beta esterases was induced by teflubenzuron and hexaflumuron and increased with spinetoram and emamectin. All tested insecticides induced a significant inhibitory effect on aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity except with teflubenzuron.
Acelylcolinesterase (AchE) activity significantly increased with emamectin and teflubenzuron while decreased with hexaflumuron and spinetoram. Phenoloxidase and Chitinase activity significantly increased with all tested insecticides.

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Vol.2 No.08 -7 : Potential role of probiotic bacteria as antioxidants agent.

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By : Mostafa El-Sheekh1, Nanis G. Allam1, Naglaa Ibrahim Sarhan2 and Ghada Alfakharany1

Abstract

Oxidants are free radicals that find in the environment, but they are also produced naturally in our body. Antioxidants have an important role in the body health and protected from many diseases caused by free radicals. The unique characters of probiotic bacteria make it used extensively in the field of medicine antioxidant, anticancer, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory properties and hepatoprotective agent. This study was designed to explore the influence of lactic acid bacteria as antioxidative agents. Antioxidative properties for all tested stains were investigated through determination scavenging activity of α,α-Diphenyl-β-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radicals (OHˉ) and inhibition of lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenate in vitro. The present findings revealed that, Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum DSMZ 20174 and Lactobacillus acidophilus DSMZ 20079 T possessed the highest antioxidant properties, tolerated acidity up to 4 and revealed viability under bile salt concentration up to 0.5%. The results of this study provide new insights into the lactic acid bacteria with antioxidative properties as they tolerated acidity up

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