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Vol.1 No.5 -5 : Apoptotic Marker Alternations in the Spleen of Experimentally Hyperthyroid and Hypothyroid Rat.

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By : Ezar Hafez; Ahmed Masoud; Magdy Barnous; Ehab Tousson

Abstract

Apoptosis plays a critical role in the development and homeostasis of multicellular organisms, especially those with high cell turnover such as the lymphoid system. The current study aimed to examined the effects of changes in thyroid hormones on apoptosis of spleen in male rats. 30 rats were equally divided into three groups (10 animals each). G1, control group in which animals did not received any treatment; G2, Hypothyroid group in which rats received 0.05% 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) in drinking water for 6 weeks; G3, Hyperthyroid group in which rats received 100 μg/Kg L-Thyroxin sodium administration in drinking water for 6 weeks. In the present study; serum T3 and T4 concentrations were depressed and serum TSH concentration was significantly elevated in rats receiving PTU-induced hypothyroidism. On the other hand; serum T3 and T4 concentrations were significantly elevated and serum TSH concentration was depressed in rats receiving L-Thyroxin sodium-induced hyperthyroidism. In the current study; spleen in both hypothyroid and hyperthyroid rats revealed many of abnormalities as marked disruption of spleen structure, loss in distinction between the white and red pulps, degeneration and vacuolation with an increased in the lymphocyte population. Also, a significant increase in p53 and Caspase3 apoptotic cells and a significant decrease in Bcl-2 antiapoptotic cells in the spleen tissues revealed the possibility of the apoptosis occurrence after PTU or Thyroxin administration in the case of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.

5. Apoptotic Marker Alternations in the Spleen of Experimentally Hyperthyroid and Hypothyroid Rat.
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Vol.1 No.3 -1 : Ameliorative influence of Ginkgo biloba extract on acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress in livers and kidneys of male albino rats.

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By : Mohammed F.F. Bayomy* and Aziza Ali Salah Eldinn**

Abstract

In this study, the effects of Ginko biloba extract on -treated groups were divided subchronically-induced toxicity of acetaminophen (AAP) on functions of livers and kidneys of male albino rats were investigated. Subchronically into 8 groups. Animals of group1 received tap water daily for 1 week and served as controls. Animals of group 2 were treated with Ginko biloba extract (GBE) (50 mg /kg b.wt). Animals of group 3 were treated daily for 1 week with AAP (250 mg/kg b. wt.). Animals of group 4 were treated daily for 1 week with GBE (50 mg /kg b.wt) and AAP (250 mg/kg b. wt.). As for groups 5, 6, 7 and 8, they were treated experimentally as groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 but for 2 weeks. Determination of both liver and kidney functions was used as early indicators for the detection of liver damage and for evaluation of renal toxicity after exposure to the test articles. Meanwhile, serum concentration of malonedialdehyde was measured to assess the deleterious oxidative influence of AAP on the liver and kidneys. Also, the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) concentration and activities of antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were assayed under the present experimental conditions. The data demonstrated a significant increase in serum liver function enzymes such as aminotransferases (ALT and AST) as well as alkaline phosphatase subsequent to administration of AAP, whereas a significant decrease in GSH content and in the activities of GPx, GST, CAT, and SOD was observed after 1 and 2 weeks of treatments with this test article. The results also indicated that administration of 50 mg GBE/kg b. wt. was enough for nearly normalization of various parameters examined, which appears to be due to the protective effects of GBE on AAP-induced oxidative stress in the liver and kidneys.

1. Ameliorative influence of Ginkgo biloba extract on acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress in livers and kidneys of male albino rats.
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Vol.1 No.2 -3 : Environmental and physiological impacts of heavy metals on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).

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By : Bayomy, M. F. F1, Alne-na-ei, A. A.1, Gaber, H. S.2, Sayed, H. A3. Khairy D.M2

Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate the distribution of selected metals (Fe, Zn, Cd, Pb, and Cu) in tissues of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) grown along El- Khadrawia drain – Mubark industrial Zone. The tissues analyzed included muscle and liver. Results showed metal concentrations in water followed a richness of: Fe> Zn> Cu> Pb >Cd mg/l (p < 0.05) while Fe> Cu > Zn > Pb > Cd mg/Kg dry wt. (p < 0.05) in muscles and liver tissues in winter season. Metal levels in muscles follow the level: Zn>Fe>Cu> Pb>Cd mg/Kg dry wt. (p < 0.05), while in liver they follow the level: Fe > Zn > Cu>Pb>Cd mg/Kg dry wt. (p < 0.05) in summer season. The presence of heavy metals led to significant decrease in nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) contents in liver tissue during summer season (p<0.05). So, the study showed that muscles of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) along El- Khadrawia drain are not safe from contamination with the metals investigated.

3. Environmental and physiological impacts of heavy metals on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).
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