Vol.6 No.1 – 4: RBC Alloimmunization in Sudanese Multi-transfused Patients

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By: Hager Elkobani1, Sahar Elbager1*, Magdi A. Bayoumi2

1Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Medical Sciences and Technology (UMST), Sudan

2Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Ibn Sina University, Sudan

Abstract

Background: Blood transfusions are a life-saving measure to replace blood lost through severe bleeding or as a life-saving treatment for various hematological conditions. Blood transfusions are high-risk procedures. One of these risks is alloimmunization. Alloimmunization is an immune response to foreign antigens after exposure to genetically different cells or tissues. Alloimmunization is a frequent undesirable outcome of a blood transfusion. In this study, we investigated the frequency of alloimmunization and the factors associated with the development of antibodies in frequently transfused patients. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in Khartoum, Sudan between November 2017 and March 2018. The study population included 97 multi-transfused patients (Solid tumors, 41; Sickle cell anemia, 31; Leukemia; 25), 52 males and 45 females whose ages ranged between 3-81 years and each subject received a minimum of 2 units of RBCs. The number of blood units transfused varied among patients from 2 to over 20 units depending on the underline disease treatment needs. Antibody screen was performed using four-cell commercially prepared Grifols reagent RBCs and gel impregnated with antihuman globulin. Results: The overall alloimmunization frequency was 22.7%. The alloimmunization frequency in Sickle cell anemia patients was 29.0%, solid tumors patients; 21.9% and 16.0% in leukemic patients. Alloimmunization frequency was independent on a number of units transfused or gender (p value= 0.071, 0.942), respectively. Conclusion: Sudanese multi-transfused patients have higher rates of alloimmunization compared to other countries. It is our recommendation that pretransfusion protocols must include antibody screening. Timely antigen typing of donor’s blood and to transfuse only antigen-negative blood.

RBC Alloimmunization in Sudanese Multi-transfused Patients-converted

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Vol.6 No.1 – 3: Diagnostic role of collagen III in the diagnosis of breast cancer in Egyptian women

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By: Abdelfattah M. Attallah1*, Mohamed El-Far2, Esraa A. El Sayes 1, Mohamed M. Omran3

1Research & Development Department, Biotechnology Research Center, New Damietta, Egypt

2 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

3 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Mammography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound are useful tools that can be used in breast cancer (BC) screening but these methods have various limitations. Thus, finding diagnostic biomarkers may be a useful alternative choice. A total of 142 females with breast diseases (40 females with benign conditions and 102 females with BC) were included in the study. In addition to age- and sex-matched 29 normal females as a negative control. The level of collagen III was detected using the ELISA technique. It was (21.29±3.14 µg/ml) in sera of females with BC higher than in benign (13.91±2.65 µg/ml) and in normal (5.69±0.43 µg/ml) females. Collagen III yielded an AUC of 0.86 to differentiate BC from normal females and an AUC of 0.62 to differentiate BC females from those with benign conditions. Moreover, AUC was risen to 0.72 to differentiate females with BC from those without BC. While the index provided values that were significantly (P<0.01) higher in BC (9.1±1.3) than benign (6.3±1.1) and normal (2.5±1.1) females. It yielded an AUC of 0.98 (sensitivity = 90.0 %) to differentiate BC from normal females and an AUC of 0.84 to differentiate BC females from those with benign conditions. Moreover,AUC was risen to 0.87 to differentiate females with BC from those without BC (sensitivity = 84.0 %).In conclusion, serum collagen III concentration represents a candidate biomarker for BC. Moreover, its combination with cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15.3) and age provided a valuable index for BC diagnosis with high accuracy.

Diagnostic role of collagen III in diagnosis of breast cancer in Egyptian women-converted

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Vol.6 No.1 – 2: Contributions to the protection of a lentic system in the tropical region against chemical pollutions: A case study of “Toho Lake” in Southeastern Benin, West Africa

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By: Jean Gouvidé GBAGUIDI, Nikita TOPANOU, Jacques FATOMBI, Essegbemon Akpo Moyo, Daouda MAMA, and Taofiki AMINOU  

Abstract

The protection of aquatics ecosystems leads to the biological equilibrium which secures the safe foods from the aquatics products. Toho Lake located to the southeastern of Benin is threatened by human pollution due to the chemical fertilizers, waste housekeeper and both human and animal excrement result agglomeration. The aim of the present study is to Toho lake protection against chemical and bacteriological pollution of these wet ecosystems. Samples of water and sediment were collected and analyzed by HACH DR 3900 after undergone treatment The different analysis results revealed a mean oxygenation of water (4,95 mgo2/l), the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (21.5 mgo2/l), the Chemical Oxygen Demand (149, 39 mg/l) with the azote in Nitrate (NO3:0,18 mg/l), ammoniacal azote (N-NH4+:0,47 mg/l) phosphorous (2,06 mg/l) are very high. The lake is also polluted by fecal matters. The high contents of heavy metals in the sediment show that the sediments of the lake are polluted by the zinc (340 mg/kg), the cadmium (7 mg/kg), the lead (60,75 mg/kg) and the copper (8,25 mg/kg).

Contributions to the protection of a lentic system in tropical region against chemical pollutions Case study of Toho lake in South eastern Benin, West Africa-converted

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Vol.6 No.1 – 1: A pilot study of the paraoxonase-1 (Q192 R) gene polymorphism association with prostate cancer in the Egyptian population

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By: Hany Abd Al Hamid1, Mohamed Y. Nasr1, Asmaa Ibrahim1,3, Khalid Bassiouny1,  Manal Mohamed Abd Al Aziz2

1. Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City (GEBRI, USC), Egypt

2. Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain shams University, Cairo, Egypt

3.Diagnostic and Research Unit of Parasitic Diseases (DRUP), Department of Medical Parasitology, Kasr Al-Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancer types in men and recognized as the fifth cause of death globally. Human paraoxanase-1 (PON1) is an enzyme synthesized in the liver and linked with high-density lipoprotein (HDL). The current study aimed to evaluate the association between PCa and PON1 enzyme polymorphism in Egyptian patients.

Subjects and methods: A total of 100 persons. Fifty patients diagnosed as PCa patients (group I) along with fifty non-PCa (group II) of matchable age were enrolled in this study. Patients with another type of cancer or any chronic disease were excluded. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was assayed in all subject’s study by using ELISA Kit Protocol (Cat. No.: EK-310-19); in addition to CBC, hematological parameters (hemoglobin, total leucocyte count and platelets count) were estimated by using automated hematology analyzer (Pentra 80) according to manufacturer’s instructions. PON1 Q192R gene polymorphism was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. Results: PON1 (Q192R) gene polymorphism showed QR genotype in PCa patients (group I) ]32(64%)[ compared with none-PCa (group II)] 4(8%)[. The association between PON1 (Q192R) gene polymorphism with prostate cancer group and PSA were statistically significant (P value= 0.000). Hemoglobin showed significant association with PCa patients (group I) and PSA (P = 0.000), while total leucocyte count and platelets count showed non-significant when compared with the control groupConclusion: Such findings showed that PON1 (Q192R) gene polymorphism could be associated with prostate cancer and disease growth. Recommendation, furthermore comprehensive stud­ies are required to confirm the role of PON1 gene polymorphism in the etiology of PCa.

A pilot study of the paraoxonase-1 (Q192 R) gene polymorphism association with prostate cancer in Egyptian population-converted

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