Vol.4 No.4 – 9 : The Prevalence of Pediculosis and Treatment Needs among the School Children of Age 8-12 Years in Selected Rural Schools of Indore with a View to Develop Health Education Module

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By : Dr.Jinu K Rajan

Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences,

Majmaah University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Head and body lice (pediculus humans) are similar in appearance, but head louse is often smaller in size. While, pubic lice (pthirus pubis), are quite distinctive. They have shorter bodies and a pincher-like claw, which makes them look like crabs. However, most common symptom of lice infestation is itching. Materials and Methods. Study originated with a sample of 150 children for explicating prevalence and knowledge of pediculosis among school children with age from 8-12 years. The study objectives were: – 1- assessing the school children knowledge regarding pediculosis. 2- Determining the scalp status for prevalence of pediculosis among studied subjects . 3-Determine the association between pediculosis and studied subjects demographic variables. 4- Determine the treatment needed for pediculosis. 5- Developing a health education module needed . This is a descriptive survey approach and design was descriptive cross sectional study. Which found to be appropriate for assessing pediculosis prevalence and knowledge among the studied subjects, with utilizing stratified random sampling technique. Study was conducted in selected schools of Indore. All children within age between 8-12 years from selected area of Indore constitute target population for the study. Results: Current results showed that, mean of knowledge among studied children was 57.2%. As well as it was detected that, moderate knowledge regarding pediculosis and there is significant association between pediculosis knowledge with studied children’s age. Prevalence of pediculosis was noticed among 54.6% and this put a flash light regarding treatment needs among children school. The treatment proportion needs identified among studied children was 20.7% for scalp hygiene, 67.1% for recommendation of OTC and 12.2% for special treatments. Conclusion: it can concluded that, clearly depicted that, school childrens were having moderate knowledge about pediculosis prevention. As well as based on the findings, health education module was developed to enhance the children awareness about pediculosis.

THE PREVALENCE OF PEDICULOSIS AND TREATMENT NEEDS AMONG THE SCHOOL CHILDREN OF AGE 8-12 YEARS IN SELECTED RURAL SCHOOLS OF INDORE WITH A VIEW TO DEVELOP HEALTH EDUCATION MODULE

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Vol.4 No.4 – 8 : Procalcitonin as a diagnostic marker for neonatal sepsis

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By : Omar A. K. Al-azaowi1, Samir A. Abd El-kaream2, Gihan Hosny1*

1Environmental Health Division, Dept. of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies & Research, Alexandria University, Egypt.

2Dept. of Applied Medical Chemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt.

Abstract

Background : Sepsis is the most common cause of neonatal mortality. Isolation of bacteria from blood is the most specific and standard method used to diagnose neonatal sepsis. The drawback of culture-based diagnosis is the 24–48 hour assay time. Procalcitonin (PCT) has high specificity and positive predictive values. Thus, the current study was undertaken to investigate the released serum-procalcitonin as a biomarker for predicting neonatal sepsis among newly born infants.  Subjects and Methods: A case-control study design was set in order to perform the underlying work. Forty five neonates were included in this study. Blood samples were collected and processed for laboratory investigations and culture.  Laboratory investigations included complete blood picture, blood culture and PCT. Results: Positive blood cultures were detected in all cases of confirmed sepsis group (100%) and in 66.66% of cases of suspected sepsis group. The ROC curve analysis, used to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin depending on the area under the curves (AUC), showed very high AUC (91.7%) corresponds to a better diagnostic test. The optimum cut off value of PCT (<0.05 ng/ml) was with a corresponding sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 83.33%, a positive predictive value (100%), and a negative predictive value (74.99%). Conclusion: The current findings showed high sensitivity and specificity of PCT test for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. The results so far are very encouraging and may suggest that in the near future the PCT may be used routinely for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and can provide a life-saving approach for newborns.

Procalcitonin as a diagnostic marker for neonatal sepsis-converted (1)

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Vol.4 No.4 – 7 : Factors attributing to obesity among working adults in Egypt

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By ; Mai Sabry Saleh, Eman Essam Shaban, and Nagat Amer

Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Egypt  

Abstract

Obesity is a growing epidemic problem. Many environmental factors at the work place like occupational stress and job satisfaction attribute to obesity either as  cause or consequence. Other seriously contributing factors are of socio-demographic and health-related nature. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between some environmental and health related variables and obesity in terms of Body Mass Index (BMI) among working adults in Egypt. A cross sectional study was carried on a convenient sample of 86 males and females working at the public sector. All participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale, Falsification of Type quiz, Andrews and Withey test for Job Satisfaction and a sheet for socio-demographic, health and work-related data. Blood samples were obtained and assessments of cortisol, C-reactive protein, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and total thyroxin were done using ELISA technique. Total cholesterol and triglycerides were assessed colorimetrical. BMI and W/H were calculated. Pearson correlation test was performed for statistical analysis. Advanced age, female gender, presence of chronic diseases, presence of mental health problems, increased level of CRP and decreased level of DHEA-S were factors showing significant correlation with increased BMI. In conclusion, extensive study of predictors of obesity is a crucial need among working adults in Egypt.

Factors attributing to obesity among working adults in Egypt-converted (1)

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Vol.4 No.4 – 6 : Biochemical and immunocytochemical studies of the testicular alteration caused by Amitriptyline in adult male rat

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By : Ehab Tousson, Somia Zaki, Ezar Hafez, Amani Gad

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

Abstract

Amitriptyline is one of the first reference tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) with sedative and analgesic properties. This study aimed to investigate the testicular indices that influenced by amitriptyline treatment and examined it by biochemical, histological and Immunohistochemical methods. A total of 20 male albino rats were equally divided into two groups: the first was control and the second was amitriptyline intoxicated group. The results of this study showed that amitriptyline consumption significant decrease hormones parameters, increase sperms abnormalities, decrease sperm numbers, induced testicular tissue damage and P53 alterations.

Biochemical and immunocytochemical studies of the testicular alteration caused by Amitriptyline in adult male rat-converted

 

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Vol.4 No.4 – 5 : Qualitative and quantitative characterization of biologically active compounds of red grape (Vitis vinifera) seeds Extract

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 By : Maha Abdulrahman Aldubayan

Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Qassim University, KSA

Abstract

Grape seeds are waste products of the winery and grape juice and are good sources of phytochemicals. The present study aimed to investigate the qualitative and quantitative characterization of Egyptian grape seeds by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), was determined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI-QTOF-MS). According to the data compiled, grape (Vitis vinifera) seeds sample presented the highest levels in flavonoids and other compounds such as Carnosol, rosmaridiphenol, rosmadial, rosmarinic acid, and carnosic acid. On the other hand, higher contents in triterpenes were found in the extracts of rosemary. The current results indicate that the ethanolic extract from Egyptian grape seeds possessed radical-scavenging and antioxidant activities where about 17.442 mg GAE/g of total phenols, 6.687 mg CE/g of total flavonoids and 81.506 mg TE/g DPPH as antioxidants activity in grape seeds. grape (Vitis vinifera) seeds is very rich sources of flavonoids and typical compounds of grape seeds, such as Catachine, Gallic acid, Protochatchuic acid and Syrngic acid which are compounds with many biological properties, especially antioxidant. On the other hand, the Qurecetin were highly represented that indicate the anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties of grape seeds. This aspect should be studied in depth in future research.  

Qualitative and quantitative characterization of biologically active compounds of red grape (Vitis vinifera) seeds Extract-converted

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Vol.4 No.4 – 4 : TM6SF2 and NCAN polymorphism impact on HCV in North African Egyptian patients

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By : Samar Samir Youssef1, Eman Abd El Razek1, Reem Ezzat Mahdy2, Sameh Seif3,Mohamed El Kassas4

1.Department of Microbial Biotechnology, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt

2.Assuit university hospital, Assuit, Egypt.

3.National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.

4.Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University.

Abstract

Background: TM6SF2 and NCAN are genes known to be related to fibrosis and steatosis but are not thoroughly investigated in case of chronic Hepatitis C (HCV) in Egyptians.  Aim: this study is carried to investigate the role of TM6SF2 and NCAN in chronic HCV Egyptian patients. Methods: this retrospective study was carried on 165 patients with chronic HCV who received treatment for it. Results: TM6SF2 showed statistical significance with viral load with p value of 0.02 but no statistical significance with fibrosis or activity. NCAN showed statistical significance with activity with p value of 0.011. Conclusion: this is the first work recording the prevalence of TM6SF2 (rs58542926) and NCAN (rs2228603) polymorphism in upper African HCV patients. TM6SF2 is not associated with fibrosis or activity in Egyptian patients infected with chronic hepatitis C but associated with high viral load. On the other side, NCAN is associated with severity of activity in the same studied group but no relation with the viral load. These results explain their additive effect exerted during HCV infection which should be further extensively studied.

TM6SF2 and NCAN polymorphism impact on HCV course in North African Egyptian patients f-converted
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Vol.4 No.4 – 3 :The Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Effects of Nigella sativa

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By : Alyaa Majid*
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Thi-Qar, Iraq

Abstract

This review provides a brief account on the various properties and medicinal usage of the black cumin seed (Nigella sativa). The literature information indicated that seed was extensively used in ancient and recent history as an effective herbal remedy against a wide spectrum of ailments and disease conditions particularly in rural communities in the Asia, Middle East and some other parts of the world. The seed was reported to have numerous biological and pharmacological properties including antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory and so many other beneficial medicinal effects. The therapeutic potential of the black cumin seed is mostly related to the presence of a number of pharmacologically active constituents such as thymoquinone, thymohydroquinone, dithymoquinone, thymol, nigellone and many other phytochemicals. The seed was also found to have a beneficial role in some aspects of poultry production such as improvement of body weight performance, feed conversion rate, carcass characteristics, egg production and egg quality when given as a feed additive.

The Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Effects of Nigella sativa 2

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Vol.4 No.4 – 2 : Estimation of Serum Interlukin-18 and Hs-CRP in Chronic Hepatitis C Infected Patients at Assuit Governorate, Egypt

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By : A.M. El-Adly 1*, A.A. Shalaby2, M. H. Hussein1, N.F. Abo Dahab 1, U.M. Abdul-Raouf 1

1 Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 71524 Assiut, Egypt

2Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, 71524 Assiut, Egypt

Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem. Egypt has the highest prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the world. Interlukin-18 (IL-18) as a critical multipotent inducer of innate and acquired immune responses. This study aimed to estimate IL-18 and hs-CRP levels in patients at different stages of chronic HCV infection and to evaluate IL-18 as non-invasive marker of the severity of liver damage in chronic hepatitis C patients, and to investigate the characteristics of hs-CRP and its correlation to chronic HCV infection. This study included 50 chronic HCV patients and 20 healthy. They were subjected to history taking, liver function tests, real-time PCR test and other laboratory tests. Serum IL-18 levels were assayed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our study was conducted on 70 subjects with their ages ranging between 9-70 years. 50 HCV chronically infected patients, they were 42 (84.0%) males and 8 (16.0%) female. Twenty apparent healthy individuals without HCV infection used as control, they were 18 (90%) males and 2 (10%) females. Serum IL-18 and Hs-CRP levels were higher in chronic HCV patients compared to healthy. Responders to interferon treatment had higher interleukin-18 levels than non-responders. However, Serum Hs-CRP were higher in non-responders than Responders to interferon treatment. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma had higher interleukin-18 and Hs-CRP levels than those without heaptocellular carcinoma. Serum IL-18 could be a significant predictor for severity of HCV infection and monitoring of therapy response in chronic HCV patients with other tests.

Estimation of Serum Interlukin-18 and Hs-CRP in Chronic Hepatitis C Infected Patients at Assuit Governorate, Egypt-converted

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Vol.4 No.4 – 1 : Effect of Ginger tea on Dysmenorrhea among nursing students in Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India

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By :  Jinu K Rajan
Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences
Majmaah University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Adolescence is a time of moving from childhood to adulthood maturity. These transitions involve a lot of changes as biological, cognitive, and emotional. However, menstruation is a normal physiological phenomenon indicating woman capability for procreation. It is often associated with some degree of suffering and embarrassment. As usual every woman may experiences one or more types of menstrual problems during her lifetime as dysmenorrhoea. It is a medical term of menstrual cramps, caused by uterine contractions. However, primary one refers to common menstrual cramps, while secondary results from reproductive organs disorder. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the effect of ginger tea on dysmenorrhoea level; among nursing students. Materials and Methods: Study objectives included compare dysmenorrhoea level among nursing students in experimental and control group after posttest and find out the association between pre-test dysmenorrhoea levels with selected demographic variables as age, education, family history of dysmenorrhea. A quasi experimental approach was utilized. Study conducted in Index Nursing College, MP, and India. Sample included 60 nursing students with dysmenorrhea. They selected by purposive sampling method, GNM students with dysmenorrhea were considered as control group and BSc Nursing students with dysmenorrhea as experimental. Data collection tool was consisted of demographic variables, and McCaffery numerical pain intensity scale to assess dysmenorrhoea level. Results: Independent “t” test was used for testing the significance of difference between experimental and control group. Computed t value (t = 5.987, P<0.05) was greater than table value, “t” = 2.00, concluded that, post test dysmenorrhea scale of experimental group students was significantly lower than control group. Chi-square showed no significant association between selected demographic variables as age, course of study/education and dysmenorrhoea family history for pre-test level. Conclusion: It can concluded that, 3 times ginger tea consumption per day was effective in reducing dysmenorrhea

EFFECT OF GINGER TEA ON DYSMENORRHEA AMONG NURSING STUDENTS IN INDORE, MADHYA PRADESH, INDIA-converted

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