Vol.4 No.3 – 4 : Marine pollution by some heavy metals and physiological response of Ruditapes decussatus

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By : G.M El Khodary, E.H Radwan, M.M El Ghazaly and D. El Bahnasawy

Damanhour University, Faculty of Science, Zoology department, Egypt

 

Abstract

Bivalves can accumulate toxicants such as heavy metals in their tissues, for this reason they are considered as a good bio-indicators for water quality. The risk is increased due to eating these clams raw or lightly cooked. The aim of this study is to determine the concentration of some selected metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, Cd, and Pb) in the soft tissue of Ruditapes decussatus collected in the summer of 2017, from three locations at Alexandrian coasts, Egypt, Abo Quir, (loc.#1), Sedi Beshr (loc.#2) and (loc.#3), El-Max)  and to find out whether pollution alters the clam physiological functions or not. The present data showed that the highest mean value of salinity was reported in water samples collected from Abo Quir (loc.#1) and the highest level of dissolved oxygen was reported in water samples collected from Sedi Beshr (loc.#2). The present results showed that the studied heavy metals concentrations are highly significant in samples of water and soft tissue of Ruditapes decussatus collocated from Abo Quir bay. From the above cited results it is concluded that loc.#1(Abo Quir bay) represent the most polluted site in the present study. Statistical analysis showed significant increase of MDA and significant decrease of SOD and GPx in the soft tissue of Ruditapes decussatus collected from Abo-Quir Bay (loc.#1). There was high significant difference between tissue of clams collected from the three locations (p<0.001). The correlation coefficient of  physicochemical parameters, heavy metals in tissue, heavy metals in water  and oxidative stress biomarkers in Abo Quir Bay  (loc.#1) showed that; MDA mean activity concentration is positively correlated   with the mean activity level of  SOD at r = 0.844,  p = 0.035. The correlation coefficient between the five investigated heavy metals  Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb & Cd and oxidative stress bio-makers for the clam showed that in Abo Quir Bay (loc.#1), GPx is negatively correlated with Zn in tissue at r = -0.846 and p=0.034. On the other hand the Pb in tissue is positively correlated with mean Zn concentration in tissue at r = 0.878, p = 0.022.

 

Marine-pollution-by-some-heavy-metals-and-physiological-response-of-Ruditapes-decussatus-converted

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Vol.4 No.3 – 3 : Nephrotoxicity associated with Orlistat in normal and obese female rats

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By : Ehab Tousson, Ahmed Massoud, Attyat Salem, Shahenda A. Fatoh

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.

 

Abstract

Obesity is a global health concern associated with high morbidity and mortality. Therapeutic strategies include synthetic drugs and surgery, which may entail high costs and serious complications. Orlistat is a pancreatic lipase inhibitor licensed for the treatment of obesity. The current study was carried out to elucidate the modulating effect of Orlistat against obesity induced kidney toxicity in female rats. A total of 50 female rats were divided into five groups (G1, Control; G2, Orlistat; G3, Obesity; G4, Co- treated Orlistat with Obesity; G5, Post- treated Obesity with Orlistat rat group). The current study revealed that a significant increase in serum urea, creatinine, while  a significant decrease in the levels of sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride ions levels in treated rats with Orlistat while a significant increase in serum urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium and chloride ions levels in obesity group when compared with control group. In contrast; a significant decrease in serum urea, Creatinine, sodium, potassium and chloride ions levels in treated obese rats with Orlistat when compared with obesity group.  So; Orlistat induced renal toxicity when used for treatment of obesity and self-recovered obese rats is safe and better than the use of Orlistat in treatment of obesity.

Nephrotoxicity associated with Orlistat in normal and obese female rats

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Vol.4 No.3 – 2 : Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Drinking and Agricultural Purpose in Seven Districts, Rabigh Governorate, Saudi Arabia

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By : Zaki Al-Hasawi 1, Esam Al-Wesabi 1,5*, Hassan Al-Harbi 2, Reem Al-Hasawi 3, Basim Aloufi 4

1 Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

2 Poison Control and Medical Forensic Toxicology Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

3 Department of Chemistry Sciences, Faculty of Science and arts, King Abdul Aziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia.

4Rabigh Power Company, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia.

5Al-Hodeidah University, Republic of Yemen.

 

Abstract

This study was conducted to analyze well waters in seven regions, Hajar, Mughynia, Nuweiba, Rabigh, Al-Abwa, Mastourah, and Kilayyah, which lie along the valleys that discharge in the Red Sea in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. This is to evaluate and determine whether the water of these wells is suitable for drinking and agricultural use. The study included determination of the major elements Ca, Na, K, Mg, P, F, the heavy metals, Fe, Cu, Zn, Al, Mn, Ba, and the toxic metals, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ag, Mo, Co, Be, V, Ar, Sb, Ti, and U concentration in the water of these wells. The elements Na, K, P increased in the ground water following the passage of water from upper valley to lower valley, and the elements Ca, Na, Mg and Cl concentration in well water is affected by their nearness to the Red Sea water, and the wells of Hajar, El-nugemia and Nuweiba have the least concentrations of these elements while those near the coast, Mastourah, Rabigh, Kilayyah and Al-Abwa contain water with high concentrations of these elements. As for water content of the major elements, all well waters is acceptable for drinking, except Mastourah with a high concentration of Na and Mg, and Rabigh and Al-Abwa with a high concentration of Ca. All wells water is acceptable for drinking as regards their content of the heavy and toxic metal.

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Vol.4 No.3 – 1 : The Study of some Physicochemical and Microbiological Properties in Water Wells at Rabigh Governate, Saudi Arabia

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By : ¹Zaki Al-Hasawi , ²Reem Al-Hasawi , ¹Al-Zahrani saeed

 ¹Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

²Department of Chemistry Sciences, Faculty of Science and arts, King Abdul Aziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia.

 

Abstract

This study was conducted to analyze water wells in seven sites lie along a valley which discharges into the Red Sea at Rabigh province in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. The analysis conducted in order to evaluate and determine whether the water in the study area is suitable for drinking and agricultural uses. Nevertheless, the study included some of the physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics. While the physical characteristic included odor, taste, and color, however the chemical characteristics included the pH, Electric conductivity (EC), Turbidity, Total Hardness (TH), Total Dissolved Salts (Solids) (TDS), ammonium (NH4-N), nitrates (NO3-N), nitrites (NO3-N), and bicarbonates (HCO3). In addition to microbiological aspects like the water concentrations of Total Coliform Bacteria (TCB) and the Fecal Coliform Bacteria (FCB). However, in the present study, our results indicated clear variations in the levels of physical and chemical concentrations. It was found that the levels of ammonium (NH4-N), nitrates (NO3-N), nitrites (NO3-N), and bicarbonates (HCO3) at all sites have levels below the standards recommended by the international and local organizations. The only exception was found at Rabigh and Colia, in which the levels of these parameters exceeded the permissible limits recommended by these organizations. Regarding the concentrations of the Total Coliform Bacteria and Fecal Coliform Bacteria, the water wells at all sites is acceptable for both drinking and agricultural use due to their concentrations were below the recommended standards. In this paper, we recommended that it is necessary that the quality of drinking water should be checked at regular time intervals and further studies are needed in the future in order to monitor the pollution in the study area.

zaki 3 (1)

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