Vol.8 No.3 – 5: Stem cell therapy in renal diseases

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By: Khalil A. Alhalfawy 1, Bahgat A. Elfiky 2, Ahmed M. Zahran 3, Zeinab A. Kasemy 4 and Mahmoud M. Zayed 5

  1. Molecular biology – Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City
  2. Animal Biotechnology – Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City
  3. Internal medicine & Nephrology Faculty of medicine – Menoufia University, Egypt
  4. Public health and community medicine – Faculty of Medicine – Menoufia University, Egypt
  5. Researcher – Animal Biotechnology – Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Egypt

Abstract

Objective: to evaluate the stem cell in treating renal diseases. To evaluate the effect of stem cells on renal cell apoptosis and necroptosis. Background: The use of stem cells is the hope for all patients with end-stage renal diseases. We isolate stem cells from umbilical cord blood to treat renal diseases by using the Vero cell line as a renal cell which is treated by hydrogen peroxide as renal failure. P53, RIPK1, and EGFR genes were detected by RT PCR to show the improvement by using stem cell therapy for renal diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells are the future hope for the treatment of renal diseases associated with renal cell apoptosis and necroptosis.

Methodology: Mesenchymal CD105 Stem Cells Separation from Umbilical Cord Blood from 20 pregnant females. By forming buffy coat mononuclear leukocytes. Magnetic labeling of CD105 and Separation to stem cells. stem cell proliferation by using Dulbecco Modified Eagle medium (DMEM). After proliferation passages 1, 2, and 3 freeze cells at -20c. For one week then thawing at room temperature to make stem cell extraction. Vero cell line treated by H2O2 1.6 mm for 5 hours to reach sub-lethal. The cytotoxicity of the cell was caused by hydrogen peroxide measured by MTT assay and Spectrophotometry. The Vero cell line is divided into 4 groups group1: normal control, group 2:  sub-lethal, group 3: sub-lethal treated by stem cell extraction, and group 4: sub-lethal treated by stem cells. P53, RIPK1, and EGFR genes were detected in 4 groups by RT PCR. Results: P53, RIPK1, and EGFR levels showed a highly significant difference among studied groups with elevated levels of P53 and RIPK1 and reduced levels of EGFR in the sub-lethal renal cell group with an improvement of cells treated with mesenchymal stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells showed better results when compared with mesenchymal stem cell extract. Conclusion: Mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated a good effect on renal cell line injury, apoptosis, and necroptosis.

Stem-cell-therapy-in-renal-diseases

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Vol.8 No.3 – 4: Genetic study of I kappa B alpha gene promoter polymorphism associated with hepatitis C virus in Egyptian patients

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By: Mamoun Kamal Ghazalah 1, Sameer El-Masry 1, Ibrahim Helmy2, and Ehab Abd-Elkhalek3

  1. Department of Molecular Biology, Biogenetic engineering Research Institute, Sadat City University, Egypt
  2. Department of Molecular Biology Faculty of Science, Kafr al-Sheikh University, Egypt
  3. Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Host genetic polymorphism is one of the major unalterable major factors for HCV infection, NF-κB proteins play multiple roles in immune response and involve in HCV infection and progression.

Aim of the study: To investigate the associations between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in NF-Kb and the susceptibility as well as resolution of HCV infection. Patients and Methods:  This prospective case-control study was conducted at the physical examination center on 150 Egyptian population, including 50 uninfected control cases, 50 cases with spontaneous viral clearance, and 50 cases with persistent HCV infection, they are genotyped for four SNPs (rs11820062, rs230530, rs1056890 and rs3774963) using a Taq Man assay.  Results: The current study revealed that the mutation in rs_11820062 of the I kappa B alpha gene significantly increased the risk for HCV infection with a p-value <0.05. Conclusion: This study revealed that genetic variants of the NF-κB pathway genes (rs11820062 T allele) are associated with an increased risk of HCV susceptibility.

Genetic study of I kappa B alpha gene promotor polymorphism associated with hepatitis C virus in Egyptian patients (2)

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Vol.8 No.3 – 3: Biochemical changes in Egyptian patients infected with COVID-19

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By: Ahmed M. El-Adly1*, Ahmed A. Wardany1, Mohey H. Shikhoun2

1Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 71524Assiut Branch, Egypt ahmedeladly.ast@azhar.edu.eg, ahmed_wr2000@azhar.edu.eg

2Analysis and Laboratories Department, Higher Technological Institute of Applied Health Sciences in Sohag, Ministry of Higher Education, Cairo, Egypt.; moheyshikhoun@gmail.com

Abstract

A pandemic-scale outbreak of the newly discovered coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), fast-spreading viral pneumonia, is currently occurring. Due to the disease’s overall vulnerability, different age groups have different clinical characteristics and test findings. The purpose of this study was to describe the COVID-19 laboratory results in various age and sex groups. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-2 RNA was used in the study, which had 1100 individuals with typical cold symptoms. It was reported that 660 of these cases tested positive for the test, while 440 tested negatives, therefore all cases underwent laboratory testing. Our research revealed that males had higher COVID-19 positivity than females (215/660; 67.4%), with males scoring 445/660; 32.6%). Age does not statistically differ between COVID-19 positive and negative cases. Hematological parameters in blood cells revealed that Lymphocytes differ significantly between COVID-19-infected and uninfected patients as these cells decline in the presence of COVID-19 infection. There are no significant differences in hemoglobin (Hgb percent), red blood cells (RBCs), total white blood cells (WBCS), basophils, neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils, as well as blood platelets (PLTS). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is unimportant, whereas COVID-19 infection increases ferritin and C-reactive proteins.

Biochemical-changes-in-Egyptian-patients-infected-with-COVID-19-1

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Vol.8 No.3 – 2:Evaluation of Adiponectin hormone and some biochemical parameters with unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction patients

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By: Alyaa Majid1*, Sevki Adem2, Anwer Sabah Kadhim3

1 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Thi-Qar, Iraq

2  Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey

3 Iraqi Ministry of Health, Iraq

Abstract

The acute coronary syndromes [unstable angina (UA) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI)] are more dangerous than other ischemic heart diseases (IHD) due to acute morphological changes in atherosclerotic plaques which cause (acute ischemia) severe imbalance between myocardium demand and oxygen supply. In this study we investigated adiponectin hormone, creatine kinase(CK), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), malondialdehyde(MDA), nitric oxide(NO), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and glutathione(GSH)  in patients with unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction, This study has been carried out on 100  patients with unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction and 50 healthy subjects. the study shows that there is a significant difference in the concentration of serum Adiponectin, CK, LDH, MDA, NO, SOD, and GSH between (controls, AMI and UA ) in the (male and female )  groups (p≤0.05).

Evaluation-of-Adiponectin-hormone-and-some-biochemical-parameters-with-unstable-angina-and-acute-myocardial-infarction-patients

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Vol.8 No.3 – 1:Evaluation of Serum Ferritin in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Sudanese Patients

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By: Hayat Elmaleeh Almobarak Ahmed and Nour Mahmoud Abdelateif Ali

Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Alneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is an important health problem worldwide affecting about 8 percent of the population. Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases in Sudan. These patients have many changes in their blood, and many factors affect the glucose tolerance that is mediated by insulin, one of these changes is S.ferritin level, a marker of iron storage. Increased serum ferritin, reflecting body iron overload, is often associated with insulin resistance. The role of iron in the pathogenesis of diabetes is suggested by an increased incidence of type2 diabetes mellitus in diverse causes of iron overload, and reversal or improvement in glycemic control with a reduction in iron load achieved using either phlebotomy or iron-chelating therapy.

Aim: To evaluate serum ferritin level in type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Sudanese Patients.

Materials and Method: A case-control study was done in 45diabetic patients and 45normal healthy individuals as a control group, including measurement of serum ferritin by an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) method full automated chemical analyzer. COBAS e411 machine used Roche HITACHI Kit and quantification of HbA1c level by i-chroma instrument.

Results: The study showed that serum ferritin levels were significantly increased in diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus in comparison with the age and gender-matched healthy individuals (P. value= 0.008). There was an insignificant correlation between serum ferritin and HbA1c(P. value=0.431). 

Conclusion: Therefore, the findings of the present study indicate that serum ferritin was increased in diabetes and this increase may contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease as well as to the development of complications. Thus, routine screening for serum ferritin concentration in pre-diabetes and diabetic patients should be done to assess the body’s iron stores.

Evaluation Of Serum Ferritin In Type2 Diabetes Mellitus Sudanese Patients

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Vol.8 No.2 – 7:The Role of CD3 and CD8 in Preterm Preeclamptic women by using Immunohistochemical technique

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By: Alaa Saadi Abbood

Department of Biology, Al-Farabi University College (FUC), Al-Dora Square, Al-Masafee Street, Baghdad, Iraq

Abstract

Preterm birth (PTB) and PE are the two major causes of perinatal mortality, morbidity, and long-range neurological disability. PTB defined as delivery before 37 weeks gestation, has become an epidemic in developed countries, Indeed PTB and PE are leading causes of maternal and neonatal death worldwide. The immunohistochemical study show: – The staining intensity for PE immunohistochemical showed the greatest (+2) intensity was recorded at 52% for anti-CD3 lymphocyte biomarker. Also, followed by 28% of (+1) Intensity was comparable biomarkers. (12%) of +3 and 8% for 0 intensity when compared with Tonsil control positive and placental tissue control negative. On the other hand, the staining intensity for PE immunohistochemical shows the greatest frequency of (0) intensity was recorded for anti-CD8 cytotoxic T-cell biomarker with 52 % then +1 (28%) and 20% for +2 when compared with skin control positive and negative.

The Role of CD3 and CD8 in Preterm Preeclamptic women by using Immunohistochemical technique (1)

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Vol.8 No.2 – 6: XANTHOGRANULOMATOUS PROSTATITIS

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By: Farouk Hachem, Imad Boualaoui, Ali Mikou, Zouaidia Fouad, Ahmed Ibrahimi, Hachem Elsayegh and Yassine Nouini.

Urology “A” Department, University Hospital Center of Rabat, Morocco Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco

Abstract

Xanthogranulomatous prostatitis is a rare chronic inflammatory condition and may simulate prostatic carcinoma both clinically and microscopically. Conservative treatment is recommended for xanthogranulomatous prostatitis, including the use of alpha-blockers and corticosteroids.
Surgical options, such as transurethral prostatic resection or open adenomectomy, are reserved for patients who are severely symptomatic or who have failed conservative treatment.

XANTHOGRANULOMATOUS PROSTATITIS 2

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Vol.8 No.2 – 5: Evaluation of the diagnostic performances of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 and fibronectin for heart failure

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By: Manar S. Fouda1, Bassem Zarif 2, Victoria Samir1, Sara A. Mekkawy3, Mohamed M. Omran1

1 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt

2Consultant Cardiology, National Heart Institute, GOTHI, Cairo, Egypt

3 Molecular Biotechnology program, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Previous research has linked an imbalance of the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and fibronectin (FN) to heart failure as a part of the extracellular matrix network (ECM) biochemistry profile, which is vital for cardiac homeostasis. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of FN, TIMP-1, and CK-MB in heart failure (HF). Sixty patients (45 with acute and 15 with chronic HF) were recruited. Thirty individuals (20 with ischemic heart diseases, as other cardiac diseases, and 10 healthy individuals) were recruited as a control group. The biotin double antibody sandwich technology determined levels of human fibronectin and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1. FN was the most effective biomarker in differentiating HF patients from healthy individuals (AUC = 0.850) (P < 0.001), followed by TIMP (AUC = 0.74) and CK MB (AUC = 0.660). The sensitivity and specificity of FN were 82% and 70%, respectively, at a cutoff of 80 ng/ml. In addition, FN and TIMP had the same AUC (0.71) and efficiency (65%) in distinguishing HF patients from controls, followed by CK-MB (AUC = 0.70). We developed a novel model for HF diagnosis named the HFD model based on three biomarkers (FN, TIMP, and CK MB). The HFD model had an AUC of 0.77 in distinguishing HF patients from healthy individuals, with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy reaching 80%. For differentiating HF patients from controls, the HFD model had 0.8 AUC, 76% sensitivity, 75% specificity, and 76% accuracy.

Evaluation of the diagnostic performances of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase

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Vol.8 No.2 – 4: A Case Report of Lymphoepithelioma-like, a Variant of Urothelial Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder

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By: Farouk Hachem, Hussein Abdallah, Ahmed Ibrahimi, Hachem Elsayegh and Yassine Nouini

Urology “A” Department, University Hospital Center of Rabat, Morocco

Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco

Abstract

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma is an undifferentiated carcinoma with histological features similar to undifferentiated, non-keratinizing carcinoma of the nasopharynx. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the urinary bladder is uncommon with a reported incidence of 0.4%- 1.3% of all bladder cancer. We report a case of a 72 year-old-man with a muscle-invasive lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the bladder who was treated with radical cystectomy with a 12-month follow-up.

A Case Report of Lymphoepithelioma (1)

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Vol.8 No.2 – 3: Histopathological study of thyroid carcinoma in Misan province

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By: Osamah Nassir Wali1, Abbas Ch. Mraisel2, and Alaa N. Salih3          

1- Histology / Basic Medical Science Department / Nursing College / Misan University, Iraq

2- Toxopathology / Basic Medical Science Department / Nursing College / Misan University, Iraq

3- Histology /Biology Department /College of Education for Pure Sciences /Wasit University, Iraq

Abstract

Aims: “Thyroid carcinoma is specific malignant tumors derived from follicle cells including papillary and follicular carcinoma, and parafollicular, calcitonin-producing C-cells (medullary carcinoma)”. This study aimed to provide a present outlook on thyroid carcinoma among patients and investigation the relationship between the age, sex, and thyroid carcinoma in Missan province in Iraq. Methods: The data were collected in the period (First June – 2020 to Thirty November -2020) from (42) patients aged between (35 -80 or more) infected with thyroid carcinoma, a histopathological examination that performed and confirmed in the tissue sample obtained from the patients after surgical operations in AL-Sadder hospital in Missan province. Results: “The patients with thyroid carcinoma observed high incidence in ages between (41-55) years (42.8 %) cases, followed by the ages between (56-70) years (28.5 %) cases, while the lowest incidence observed in ages between (71or more) years (11.9%)cases. Thyroid carcinoma is observed more commonly found in females (64.28%) cases than the males (35.71%) cases (P < 0.05). Histopathological examination of the tissue specimens shows the commonest type of thyroid carcinoma was the papillary carcinoma” 28(66.6) cases characterized by multifocal with papillary architecture, changes in the size of thyrocytes with an abnormal nucleus and cytoplasm and shape, followed by follicular carcinomas 9(21.4) cases characterized by presence malignant epithelial cells arising from follicular cells and invasion into surrounding thyroid tissue, while the lowest type was Medullary carcinoma  5(11.9)cases, showing islands of tumor cells with central necrosis surrounded by vascular strom. Conclusion: “Papillary carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the thyroid gland and as compared with follicular carcinomas and medullary carcinoma. Proper implementation of preventive measures such as changing lifestyle factors might enhance control of thyroid carcinoma”.

Histopathological study of thyroid carcinoma in Misan province-converted (2)

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